Adaptin: Difference between revisions

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<StructureSection load='2vgl' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of Adaptin core: AP-α-2 (cyan), AP-β-1 (magenta), AP-μ-1 (green), AP-σ-1 (olive) complex with inositole hexakisphosphate  (PDB entry [[2vgl]])' scene='55/559108/Cv/1'>
<StructureSection load='2vgl' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of Adaptin core: AP-α-2 (cyan), AP-β-1 (magenta), AP-μ-1 (green), AP-σ-1 (olive) complex with inositole hexakisphosphate  (PDB entry [[2vgl]])' scene='55/559108/Cv/1'>
'''Adaptin''' (AP) are proteins which mediate the formation of vescicles by clathrin-coated pits. The AP complex is a heterotetramer composed of 2 large AP: AP-α or AP-γ and AP-β, a medium-size AP: AP-μ and small AP: AP-σ.  AP complexes connect proteins and lipids to clathrin budding sites.  There are different AP complexes in mammals.<ref name="Ad">PMID:12086608</ref>
'''Adaptin''' (AP) are proteins which mediate the formation of vescicles by clathrin-coated pits.<br />
The '''AP-2 complex''' is a heterotetramer composed a core domain containing 2 '''large AP''': AP-α or AP-γ and AP-β, a '''medium-size AP''': AP-μ and '''small AP''': AP-σ, 2 appendage domains or '''EAR'''.  The core domain binds to the membrane and to cargo proteins which should be internalized and the EAR domains bind to clathrin and accessory proteins.  There are different AP complexes in mammals.<ref name="Ad">PMID:12086608</ref>
*<scene name='55/559108/Cv/3'>Adaptin core: AP-α-2, AP-β-1, AP-μ-1, AP-σ-1 complex with inositole hexakisphosphate</scene>.
*<scene name='55/559108/Cv/3'>Adaptin core: AP-α-2, AP-β-1, AP-μ-1, AP-σ-1 complex with inositole hexakisphosphate</scene>.
*<scene name='55/559108/Cv/5'>Inositole hexakisphosphate binding site</scene> ([[2vgl]]).<ref name="Ad">PMID:12086608</ref>
*<scene name='55/559108/Cv/6'>Inositole hexakisphosphate binding site</scene> ([[2vgl]]).<ref name="Ad">PMID:12086608</ref>
</StructureSection>


===3D structures of adaptin===
The '''AP-1 complex''' heterotetramer μ subunit packages insulin receptor substrates into clathrin-coated vescicles.  This is needed for insulin/insulin-like growth factor bioactivities including mitogenesis<ref>PMID:23478262</ref>.


Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
The '''AP-3 complex''' heterotetramer is involved in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles<ref>PMID:15469849</ref>.  It contains subunits β3, μ3, δ and σ3<ref>PMID:9151686</ref>.
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|


*AP-α-2
The '''AP-4 complex''' heterotetramer is involved in the targeting proteins from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to yhr endosomal-lysosomal system.  It contains subunits β-type, μ-type, ε and σ-type<ref>PMID:11409905</ref>.


**[[1b9k]], [[1qts]] – mAP appendage domain – mouse<br />
==3D structures of adaptin==
**[[1qtp]] – mAP appendage domain (mutant)<br />
[[Adaptin 3D structures]]
**[[1ky6]], [[1kyd]] – mAP appendage domain + epsin peptide<br />
**[[1ky7]] – mAP appendage domain + amphiphysin peptide<br />
**[[1kyf]], [[1kyu]] – mAP appendage domain + eps15 peptide<br />
**[[1w80]], [[2vj0]] – mAP appendage domain + synaptojanin peptide<br />
**[[3hs8]] – mAP appendage domain + intersectin peptide<br />


*AP-β
</StructureSection>
 
**[[1e42]] – hAP-1 appendage domain - human<br />
**[[2g30]] – hAP-1 appendage domain + ARH peptide<br />
**[[3h1z]] – hAP-1 appendage domain + PTDINSPKI-γ peptide<br />
**[[3hs9]] – hAP-1 appendage domain + intersectin peptide<br />
**[[2iv9]] – hAP-2 appendage domain + eps15 peptide<br />
**[[2iv8]] – hAP-2 appendage domain + B-arrestin peptide<br />
**[[1mj7]] – hAP-4 appendage domain <br />
 
*AP-γ
 
**[[1iu1]] – hAP-1 ear domain<br />
**[[1gyu]], [[2a7b]] – mAP-1 appendage domain <br />
**[[1gyv]], [[1gyw]], [[3zy7]] – mAP-1 appendage domain (mutant)<br />
**[[2e9g]], [[4bcx]] – hAP-2 ear domain<br />
**[[2ymt]] – hAP-2 ear domain + peptide<br />
**[[3zhf]] – hAP-2 ear domain + large envelope protein peptide<br />
 
*AP-δ-1
 
**[[4afi]] – hAP-1/vesicle-associated membrane protein 7<br />
 
*AP-μ
 
**[[3h85]] – rAP-1 appendage domain + PTDINSPKIγ peptide<br />
**[[4emz]], [[4en2]] – mAP-1 sorting motif recognition domain + nef + MHC-I<br />
**[[1bw8]], [[1i31]] – rAP-2 + EGFR peptide<br />
**[[1bxx]] – rAP-2 + TGN38 peptide<br />
**[[1hes]] – rAP-2 + selectin peptide<br />
**[[5c7z]], [[5fpi]] – rAP-2 C terminal + integrin peptide<br />
**[[2bp5]] – rAP-2 + purinoceptor peptide<br />
**[[2pr9]] – rAP-2 + GABA receptor peptide<br />
**[[4ikn]] – rAP-3 + TGN38 sorting peptide <br />
**[[3l81]], [[4mdr]] – hAP-4 + amyloid beta-A4 peptide <br />
 
*AP-α2 + AP-σ
 
**[[4nee]] – rAP-2 + HIV-1 NEF <br />
 
*AP-α2 + AP-β + AP-σ
 
**[[4uqi]] – rAP-2 + VPU <br />
 
*AP-α + AP-β + AP-μ + AP-σ
 
**[[2vgl]] – rAPα-2 + APβ-1 + APμ-1 + APσ-1 <br />
**[[4uqi]] – rAPα-2 + APβ-2 + APμ-2 + APσ-1 <br />
**[[2jkr]], [[2jkt]] – mAPα-2 + APβ-1 + APμ-1 + APσ-1 + CD4 peptide<br />
**[[2xa7]] – rAPα-2 + APβ + APμ + APσ + cargo peptide<br />


*AP-γ + AP-β + AP-μ + AP-σ


**[[1w63]] – mAP-1  <br />
**[[4hmy]] – mAP-1 + ADP-ribosylation factor<br />
**[[4p6z]] – mAP-1 + VPU + bone marrow stromal antigen<br />
}}
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]
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