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__TOC__
__TOC__
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[SUMO]] is a '''Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier''' which covalently attaches to cellular proteins to modify their function.  SUMO is similar in structure but not in sequence to [[Ubiquitin|ubiquitin]].  In several organisms SUMO is called SMT3.  The SUMO-conjugating enzyme (E2) is called UBC9.  The sentrin specific protease (SEPN) cleaves the C-terminal peptide from SUMO which then can bind to ubiquitin activating enzyme (E1). For details on SUMO-1 protein complex see <br />
[[SUMO]] is a '''Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier''' which covalently attaches to cellular proteins to modify their function.  SUMO is similar in structure but not in sequence to [[Ubiquitin|ubiquitin]].  In several organisms SUMO is called '''SMT3'''.  The SUMO-conjugating enzyme (E2) is called UBC9.  The sentrin specific protease (SEPN) cleaves the C-terminal peptide from SUMO which then can bind to ubiquitin activating enzyme (E1). For details on SUMO-1 protein complex see <br />
*[[Human SUMO E1 complex]] <br />  
*[[Human SUMO E1 complex]] <br />  
*[[Human SUMO E1 complex with a SUMO1-AMP mimic]]<br />
*[[Human SUMO E1 complex with a SUMO1-AMP mimic]]<br />
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[[Image:Kyc_smaller.gif|275px|left|thumb]]
[[Image:Kyc_smaller.gif|275px|left|thumb]]
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For better understanding of the difference between these two conformations you can see this [[Morphs|morph]] (generated by using [http://polyview.cchmc.org/polyview3d.html POLYVIEW-3D: http://polyview.cchmc.org/polyview3d.html]; reload/refresh this page to restart this movie). Of note, in contrast to the previous figure, the same domains of these two structures ([[3kyc]] and [[3kyd]]) are colored in the same colors (<font color='yellow'><b>SUMO1 in yellow</b></font>, <font color='blue'><b>SAE1 colored in blue</b></font> and <font color='darkviolet'><b>other domains in darkviolet</b></font>). The catalytic Cys173 is shown in the spacefill representation and colored green, AMSN (or AVSN) are shown in the spacefill representation and colored in CPK colors.
For better understanding of the difference between these two conformations you can see this [[Morphs|morph]] (generated by using [http://polyview.cchmc.org/polyview3d.html POLYVIEW-3D: http://polyview.cchmc.org/polyview3d.html]; reload/refresh this page to restart this movie). Of note, in contrast to the previous figure, the same domains of these two structures ([[3kyc]] and [[3kyd]]) are colored in the same colors (<font color='yellow'><b>SUMO1 in yellow</b></font>, <font color='blue'><b>SAE1 colored in blue</b></font> and <font color='darkviolet'><b>other domains in darkviolet</b></font>). The catalytic Cys173 is shown in the spacefill representation and colored green, AMSN (or AVSN) are shown in the spacefill representation and colored in CPK colors.
== 3D Structures of SUMO ==
[[SUMO 3D Structures]]
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
{{Clear}}
{{Clear}}
== 3D Structures of SUMO ==
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
* SUMO
**[[2k8h]] – SUMO – NMR – ''Trypanosoma brucei''<br />
**[[1u4a]] – hSUMO-3 (mutant) – NMR – human<br />
**[[2n1v]], [[2mw5]], [[5ghd]], [[5b7r]], [[1a5r]]  – hSUMO-1 - NMR<br />
**[[1wm2]], [[1wm3]], [[2awt]], [[4bkg]], [[4npn]] – hSUMO-2<br />
**[[2n1w]], [[5ghb]], [[5ghc]] – hSUMO-2 - NMR<br />
**[[1u4a]] – hSUMO-3 (mutant) – NMR <br />
* SUMO+ubiquitin-like SUMO-conjugating enzyme
**[[2vrr]], [[2uyz]] – mSUMO-1+Ubc9<br />
**[[2pe6]] - hSUMO-1+Ubc9<br />
**[[3uip]], [[3uio]] - hSUMO-1+UBC9 + RAN GTPase-activating enzyme<br />
**[[3uin]] - hSUMO-2+UBC9 + RAN GTPase-activating enzyme<br />
* SUMO+sentrin specific protease
**[[2io0]] – pre-hSUMO-2+SEPN2<br />
**[[2io1]] - pre-hSUMO-3+SEPN2<br />
**[[2g4d]] - hSUMO-1+SEPN1<br />
**[[2iy1]] - hSUMO-1+SEPN1 (mutant)<br />
**[[2iyd]], [[2ckh]], [[3zo5]] - hSUMO-2+SEPN1<br />
**[[1tgz]] - hSUMO-1+SEPN2<br />
**[[5aek]] - hSUMO-1 (mutant) +SEPN2 (mutant)<br />
**[[2io3]] - pre-hSUMO-2+SEPN2 (mutant)+RAN GTPase-activating enzyme (mutant)<br />
**[[2iy0]] - hSUMO-1+SEPN1 (mutant)+RAN GTPase-activating enzyme <br />
* SUMO+ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme
**[[1z5s]] - hSUMO-1+E2+ RAN GTPase-activating enzyme<br />
**[[5d2m]] - hSUMO-2+E2+ RAN GTPase-activating enzyme + ZNF451<br />
**[[2bf8]] - SUMO-1+E2 - bovine<br />
* SMT3
**[[2k1f]] – SMT3 – Fruit fly<br />
**[[2eke]] – ySMT3+UBC9 – yeast<br />
**[[1euv]] – ySMT3+ULP1 protease<br />
**[[3v60]], [[3v61]] – ySMT3 + PCNA (mutant)<br />
**[[3v62]] – ySMT3 + PCNA (mutant) + ATP-dependent DNA helicase SRS2<br />
**[[3qht]] – ySMT3 + monobody<br />
* SUMO+other proteins
**[[2asq]] – hSUMO-1+SUMO-binding motif in PIASX<br />
**[[3kyc]], [[3kyd]] – hSUMO-1 +SUMO-activating enzyme <br />
**[[5eql]] – hSUMO-1 + SUMO-adhiron-S2D5<br />
**[[1wyw]] - hSUMO-1+thymine DNA glycosylate<br />
**[[2kqs]] - hSUMO-1+death domain-associated protein 6 fragment<br />
**[[2las]] – hSUMO-1 + M-IR2 peptide<br />
**[[4wjn]], [[4wjo]] – hSUMO-1 (mutant) + PML<br />
**[[4wjp]], [[4wjq]] – hSUMO-1 (mutant) + DAXX<br />
**[[3rzw]] – hSUMO-1 (mutant) + monobody<br />
**[[2n1a]] – hSUMO-1 + CREB-binding protein - NMR<br />
**[[2n9e]] – hSUMO-2 + RAP80 - NMR<br />
**[[5eql]], [[5elu]] – hSUMO-2 + SUMO-adhiron-S2D5<br />
**[[5tvq]] – hSUMO-2 + tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase<br />
**[[5tvp]] – hSUMO-2 + tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase + DNA<br />
**[[2mp2]] – hSUMO-3 + E3 ubiquitin protein ligase<br />
**[[2rpq]] – hSUMO-3+activating transcription factor <br />
**[[2d07]] - hSUMO-3+thymine DNA glycosylate<br />
**[[5jp1]] – SUMO + xanthomonas outer protein D - tomato<br />


}}
==Reference==
==Reference==
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