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| == Function == | | == Function == |
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| '''Defensins''' (DEF) are small cationic defense proteins active against bacteria, fungi and viruses. DEF are found in cells of the immune system. DEF binds to microbial cell membrane forming pores and thus allowing outflow of essential nutrients thus killing them.<ref>PMID:8528769</ref> For details on plant DEF see [[Plant defensin]]. | | '''Defensins''' (DEF) are small cationic defense proteins active against bacteria, fungi and viruses. DEF are found in cells of the immune system. DEF binds to microbial cell membrane forming pores and thus allowing outflow of essential nutrients thus killing them.<ref>PMID:8528769</ref> For details on plant DEF see [[Plant defensin]]. '''Alpha-, beta- and theta-defensins''' are classified according to their invariant Cys-Cys spacings and the topology of the disulphide bridges. |
| | *'''alpha defensins''' are antibiotic peptides produced in the Paneth cells of the small intestines defending against pathogens<ref>PMID:24246978</ref>. |
| | *'''theta defensins''' are cyclic antibiotic peptides <ref>PMID:15544531</ref>. |
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| == Relevance == | | == Relevance == |
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| == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
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| DEF contains <scene name='50/509378/Cv/2'>6-8 conserved cysteine residues</scene>. | | DEF contains <scene name='50/509378/Cv/5'>6-8 conserved cysteine residues</scene>. |
| </StructureSection>
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| ==3D structures of defensin== | | ==3D structures of defensin== |
| Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
| | [[Defensin 3D structures]] |
| {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
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| *α-defensin
| | </StructureSection> |
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| **[[1ica]] – DEFA – ''Protophormia terraenovae''<BR />
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| **[[1ews]] – DEFA RK-1 – rabbit – NMR<BR />
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| **[[2k1i]] - RmDEFA – Rhesus macaque - NMR<BR />
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| **[[1zmh]], [[1zmi]], [[1zmk]] - hDEFA HNP-2 (mutant) – human<BR />
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| **[[3gny]], [[3go0]], [[3hj2]] - hDEFA HNP-1<BR />
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| **[[2kht]] - hDEFA HNP-1 - NMR<BR />
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| **[[2pm1]], [[2pm4]], [[2pm5]], [[3hjd]], [[3h6c]], [[3lo1]], [[3lo2]], [[3lo4]], [[3lo6]], [[3lo8]], [[3loe]], [[3lvx]], [[4du0]], [[4lb1]], [[4lb7]], [[4lbb]], [[4lbf]] - hDEFA HNP-1 (mutant) <BR />
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| **[[1zmm]] – hDEFA4 <BR />
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| **[[2lew]] – mDEFA4 (mutant) – mouse – NMR<br />
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| **[[2ley]] – mDEFA4 – NMR<br />
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| **[[1zmp]] – hDEFA5<BR />
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| **[[2lxz]] – hDEFA5 – NMR<br />
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| **[[3i5w]], [[4e82]], [[4e83]], [[4e86]] – hDEFA5 (mutant) <BR />
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| **[[1zmq]] – hDEFA6<BR />
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| **[[3qte]] – hDEFA6 (mutant)
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| *β-defensin
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| **[[1iju]], [[1ijv]] – hDEFB1<BR />
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| **[[2nlb]], [[2nld]], [[2nle]], [[2nlf]], [[2nlg]], [[2nlh]], [[2nlp]], [[2nlq]], [[2nls]], [[2plz]], [[2lwl]], [[2nlc]] - hDEFB1 (mutant) <BR />
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| **[[1e4s]], [[1kj5]] – hDEFB1 – NMR<BR />
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| **[[1fd3]], [[1fd4]] – hDEFB2 <BR />
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| **[[1fqq]], [[1e4q]] - hDEFB2 – NMR<BR />
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| **[[2lg5]] - cDEFB2 – chicken – NMR<BR />
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| **[[2lg6]] - cDEFB2 (mutant) – NMR<BR />
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| **[[1kj6]] – hDEFB3 – NMR<BR />
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| **[[5ki9]] – hDEFB4<br />
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| **[[1e4t]] – mDEFB7 – NMR<BR />
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| **[[1e4r]] - mDEFB8 – NMR<BR />
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| **[[1bnb]] – DEFB12 – bovine – NMR<BR />
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| *ϑ-defensin
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| **[[1hvz]] – RmDEF1 – NMR<BR />
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| **[[5inz]] – DEF2 - baboon<br />
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| *Defensin-1
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| **[[3lo9]] – hDEF1 (mutant)<br />
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| **[[5nce]] – DEF1 – pine - NMR<br />
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| *Defensin-2
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| **[[2gl1]] – VrDEF2 - ''Vigna radiata''<br />
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| *Defensin-5
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| **[[5cui]], [[5cuj]], [[5cum]] – hDEF5 (mutant)<br />
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| **[[2mit]] – hDEF5 – NMR<br />
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| **[[4rbw]], [[4rbx]] – hDEF5 (mutant) – NMR<br />
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| **[[2ksk]] – DEF5 – Sugarcane – NMR<br />
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| *Defensin
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| *Other defensins
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| **[[1dfn]] – hDEF HNP-3 <BR />
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| **[[1fjn]] – DEF MGD-1 – Mediterranean mussel<BR />
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| **[[1mr4]] – tDEF NAD1 – tobacco – NMR<BR />
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| **[[4aaz]], [[4ab0]] - tDEF NAD1<BR />
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| **[[4cqk]] - tDEF NAD1 + ligand<br />
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| **[[5vyp]] - tDEF NSD7<br />
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| **[[5kk4]] - tDEF NSD7 + phosphatidic acid<br />
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| **[[1ozz]] – AdDEF ARD1 – ''Archaeoprepona demophon'' – NMR<BR />
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| **[[1p00]], [[1p0a]] - AdDEF ARD1 (mutant) – NMR<BR />
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| **[[1ti5]] - VrDEF – NMR<BR />
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| **[[2b68]] - DEF – Pacific oyster – NMR<BR />
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| **[[2b5b]] - DEF – Loggerhead turtle – NMR<BR />
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| **[[2e3e]], [[2e3f]], [[2e3g]], [[2ny8]], [[2ny9]], [[2nz3]] - DEF (mutant) – Anopheles – NMR<BR />
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| **[[2rng]] - DEF – Horseshoe crab – NMR<BR />
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| **[[3psm]] – DEF – Potato bean<BR />
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| **[[2lj7]] – DEF – lentil – NMR<br />
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| **[[2lr3]] – DEF – barrel medic – NMR<br />
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| }}
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| == References == | | == References == |
| <references/> | | <references/> |
| [[Category:Topic Page]] | | [[Category:Topic Page]] |
