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==Proteus vulgaris HigA antitoxin structure==
==Proteus vulgaris HigA antitoxin structure==
<StructureSection load='6cf1' size='340' side='right' caption='[[6cf1]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='6cf1' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6cf1]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6cf1]] is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6CF1 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6CF1 FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6cf1]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteus_vulgaris Proteus vulgaris]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6CF1 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6CF1 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=K:POTASSIUM+ION'>K</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.9&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6cf1 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6cf1 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6cf1 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6cf1 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6cf1 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6cf1 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=K:POTASSIUM+ION'>K</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6cf1 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6cf1 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6cf1 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6cf1 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6cf1 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6cf1 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HIGA_PROVU HIGA_PROVU]] Antitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system that counteracts the effect of the HigB toxin (PubMed:19423702, PubMed:8645296, PubMed:24257752). Binds to its own promoter and regulates transcription of the higB/higA operon (PubMed:24257752).<ref>PMID:19423702</ref> <ref>PMID:24257752</ref> <ref>PMID:8645296</ref>
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HIGA_PROVU HIGA_PROVU] Antitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system that counteracts the effect of the HigB toxin (PubMed:19423702, PubMed:8645296, PubMed:24257752). Binds to its own promoter and regulates transcription of the higB/higA operon (PubMed:24257752).<ref>PMID:19423702</ref> <ref>PMID:24257752</ref> <ref>PMID:8645296</ref>  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems are important factors implicated in growth inhibition and plasmid maintenance. Type II toxin-antitoxin pairs are regulated at the transcriptional level by the antitoxin itself. Here, we examined how the HigA antitoxin regulates the expression of the Proteus vulgaris higBA toxin-antitoxin operon from the Rts1 plasmid. The HigBA complex adopts a unique architecture suggesting differences in its regulation as compared to classical type II toxin-antitoxin systems. We find that the C-terminus of the HigA antitoxin is required for dimerization and transcriptional repression. Further, the HigA structure reveals that the C terminus is ordered and does not transition between disorder-order states upon toxin binding. HigA residue Arg40 recognizes a TpG dinucleotide in higO2, an evolutionary conserved mode of recognition among prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcriptional factors. Comparison of the HigBA and HigA-higO2 structures reveals the distance between helix-turn-helix motifs of each HigA monomer increases by ~4 A in order to bind to higO2. Consistent with these data, HigBA binding to each operator is two-fold less tight than HigA alone. Together, these data show the HigB toxin does not act as a co-repressor suggesting potential novel regulation in this toxin-antitoxin system. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
 
Structural basis of transcriptional regulation by the HigA antitoxin.,Schureck MA, Meisner J, Hoffer ED, Wang D, Onuoha N, Ei Cho S, Lollar P 3rd, Dunham CM Mol Microbiol. 2019 Feb 21. doi: 10.1111/mmi.14229. PMID:30793388<ref>PMID:30793388</ref>
 
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6cf1" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Cho, S Ei]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Dunham, C M]]
[[Category: Proteus vulgaris]]
[[Category: Hoffer, E D]]
[[Category: Dunham CM]]
[[Category: Schureck, M A]]
[[Category: Ei Cho S]]
[[Category: Antitoxin]]
[[Category: Hoffer ED]]
[[Category: Helix-turn-helix motif]]
[[Category: Schureck MA]]
[[Category: Toxin-antitoxin]]
[[Category: Transcriptional regulator]]
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