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==H3-H3-H3 tri-nucleosome with the 22 base-pair linker DNA==
==H3-H3-H3 tri-nucleosome with the 22 base-pair linker DNA==
<StructureSection load='6l4a' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6l4a]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 12.30&Aring;' scene=''>
<SX load='6l4a' size='340' side='right' viewer='molstar' caption='[[6l4a]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 12.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6l4a]] is a 26 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6L4A OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6L4A FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6l4a]] is a 26 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_construct Synthetic construct]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6L4A OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6L4A FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">HIST1H3A, H3FA, HIST1H3B, H3FL, HIST1H3C, H3FC, HIST1H3D, H3FB, HIST1H3E, H3FD, HIST1H3F, H3FI, HIST1H3G, H3FH, HIST1H3H, H3FK, HIST1H3I, H3FF, HIST1H3J, H3FJ ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), HIST1H4A, H4/A, H4FA, HIST1H4B, H4/I, H4FI, HIST1H4C, H4/G, H4FG, HIST1H4D, H4/B, H4FB, HIST1H4E, H4/J, H4FJ, HIST1H4F, H4/C, H4FC, HIST1H4H, H4/H, H4FH, HIST1H4I, H4/M, H4FM, HIST1H4J, H4/E, H4FE, HIST1H4K, H4/D, H4FD, HIST1H4L, H4/K, H4FK, HIST2H4A, H4/N, H4F2, H4FN, HIST2H4, HIST2H4B, H4/O, H4FO, HIST4H4 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), HIST1H2AB, H2AFM, HIST1H2AE, H2AFA ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), HIST1H2BJ, H2BFR ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 12.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6l4a FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6l4a OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6l4a PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6l4a RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6l4a PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6l4a ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6l4a FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6l4a OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6l4a PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6l4a RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6l4a PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6l4a ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H2B1J_HUMAN H2B1J_HUMAN]] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.<ref>PMID:11859126</ref> <ref>PMID:12860195</ref> <ref>PMID:15019208</ref>  Has broad antibacterial activity. May contribute to the formation of the functional antimicrobial barrier of the colonic epithelium, and to the bactericidal activity of amniotic fluid.<ref>PMID:11859126</ref> <ref>PMID:12860195</ref> <ref>PMID:15019208</ref> 
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H31_HUMAN H31_HUMAN]  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The histone H3 variant CENP-A is a crucial epigenetic marker for centromere specification. CENP-A forms a characteristic nucleosome and dictates the higher-order configuration of centromeric chromatin. However, little is known about how the CENP-A nucleosome affects the architecture of centromeric chromatin. In this study, we reconstituted tri-nucleosomes mimicking a centromeric nucleosome arrangement containing the CENP-A nucleosome, and determined their 3D structures by cryoelectron microscopy. The H3-CENP-A-H3 tri-nucleosomes adopt an untwisted architecture, with an outward-facing linker DNA path between nucleosomes. This is distinct from the H3-H3-H3 tri-nucleosome architecture, with an inward-facing DNA path. Intriguingly, the untwisted architecture may allow the CENP-A nucleosome to be exposed to the solvent in the condensed chromatin model. These results provide a structural basis for understanding the 3D configuration of CENP-A-containing chromatin, and may explain how centromeric proteins can specifically target the CENP-A nucleosomes buried in robust amounts of H3 nucleosomes in centromeres.


Cryo-EM Structures of Centromeric Tri-nucleosomes Containing a Central CENP-A Nucleosome.,Takizawa Y, Ho CH, Tachiwana H, Matsunami H, Kobayashi W, Suzuki M, Arimura Y, Hori T, Fukagawa T, Ohi MD, Wolf M, Kurumizaka H Structure. 2019 Nov 7. pii: S0969-2126(19)30357-0. doi:, 10.1016/j.str.2019.10.016. PMID:31711756<ref>PMID:31711756</ref>
==See Also==
 
*[[Histone 3D structures|Histone 3D structures]]
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6l4a" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</SX>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Ho, C H]]
[[Category: Synthetic construct]]
[[Category: Kurumizaka, H]]
[[Category: Ho C-H]]
[[Category: Matsunami, H]]
[[Category: Kurumizaka H]]
[[Category: Ohi, M]]
[[Category: Matsunami H]]
[[Category: Tachiwana, H]]
[[Category: Ohi M]]
[[Category: Takizawa, Y]]
[[Category: Tachiwana H]]
[[Category: Wolf, M]]
[[Category: Takizawa Y]]
[[Category: Centromere]]
[[Category: Wolf M]]
[[Category: Chromatin]]
[[Category: Nuclear protein]]
[[Category: Nucleosome]]
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