Transducin: Difference between revisions

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__TOC__

== Function ==

'''Transducin''' (TDN) or '''Heterotrimeric G protein''' or '''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G''' is a <scene name='59/590984/Cv/5'>heterotrimeric G protein containing 3 chains: α, β and γ</scene> which are organized in two subunits: α and βγ<ref>PMID:2534964</ref>. TDN is involved in phototransduction. The absorption of a photon by retinal causes a change in the conformation of rhodopsin into metarhodopsin II. The latter causes activation of TDN. Upon TDN activation the <scene name='59/590984/Cv/6'>GDP bound to its α subunit</scene> is exchanged for the GTP from the cytoplasm. Deactivation of TDN occurs when the GTP bound to the α subunit is hydrolyzed to GDP. Phosducin binds to the βγ subunit of TDN preventing its re-association with the α subunit.

'''Transducin''' (TDN) or '''Heterotrimeric G protein''' or '''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G''' is a <scene name='59/590984/Cv/5'>heterotrimeric G protein containing 3 chains: α, β and γ</scene> which are organized in two subunits: '''α''' and '''βγ'''<ref>PMID:2534964</ref>. TDN is involved in phototransduction. The absorption of a photon by retinal causes a change in the conformation of rhodopsin into metarhodopsin II. The latter causes activation of TDN. Upon TDN activation the <scene name='59/590984/Cv/6'>GDP bound to its α subunit</scene> is exchanged for the GTP from the cytoplasm. Deactivation of TDN occurs when the GTP bound to the α subunit is hydrolyzed to GDP. Phosducin binds to the βγ subunit of TDN preventing its re-association with the α subunit.

== Disease ==

Congenital stationary night blindness (Nougaret disease) is caused by a mutation in TDN α subunit<ref>PMID:8673138</ref>.

==3D structures of transducin==

[[Transducin 3D structures]]

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</StructureSection>

~~==3D structures of transducin==~~

~~Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}~~

~~{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|~~

*Transducin-α

**[[1tnd]] – bTDN + GTPγS - bovine

**[[1tag]] – bTDN + GDP

**[[3v00]] – b/ratTDN + GDP

**[[1tad]] – bTDN + GDP + AlF4

**[[1fqk]] – bTDN + RGS9 + GDP + AlF4

**[[1fqj]] – bTDN + RGS9 + GMP-PDE γ + GDP + AlF4

*Transducin-β

**[[6n9g]] – TDN + RGS7 - mouse

*Transducin-βγ

**[[5he0]], [[5he1]], [[5he2]], [[5he3]], [[5ukk]], [[5ukl]], [[5ukm]] – hTDN + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 + inhibitor

**[[4kfm]] – hTDN + G-protein activated inward rectifier K+ channel

**[[6m8s]] – hTDN + KCTD12

**[[6nbi]], [[6nbh]], [[6nbf]] – hTDN + PTH/PTHRP + long-acting parathyroid hormone + GS protein a subunit + nanobody – Cryo EM

**[[4pnk]] – h/bTDN + bγ (mutant)+ β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 + inhibitor

**[[1tbg]] – bTDN

**[[2trc]], [[1a0r]], [[1b9x]], [[1b9y]] – bTDN + phosducin

**[[1omw]], [[3cik]] – bTDN + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2

**[[3v5w]] – bTDN (mutant) + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2

**[[3psc]], [[3pvu]], [[3pvw]], [[4mk0]] – bTDN + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1

**[[2bcj]] – bTDN (mutant) + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1

**[[3uzs]] – bTDN + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 + RNA

**[[3krw]], [[3krx]], [[6c2y]], [[5wg5]], [[5wg4]], [[5wg3]] – bTDN + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2 + inhibitor

**[[1xhm]] – bTDN + peptide

**[[6pcv]] – bTDN + RAC exchanger – Cryo EM

**[[6b20]] – bTDN + nanobody

*Transducin-α+βγ

**[[6eg8]] – hTDN + GDP

**[[6ddf]], [[6dde]] – hTDN + mu opioid receptor + DAMGO – Cryo EM

**[[6d9h]] – hTDN + AChR/adenosine receptor – Cryo EM

**[[6p9x]] – hTDN + CRFR-1 + corticliberin – Cryo EM

**[[6osa]] – hTDN + NTR1 + JMV449 – Cryo EM

**[[6g79]] – hTDN + serotonin receptor – Cryo EM

**[[6oy9]] – bTDN + rhodopsin + retinal – Cryo EM

**[[6oya]] – bTDN + antibody + rhodopsin + retinal – Cryo EM

**[[1got]] – bTDN + GDP

**[[1gp2]], [[5kdo]], [[1gg2]] – r/bTDN + GDP - rat

**[[3ah8]] – r/bTDN (mutant) + GDP + inhibitor

**[[5tdh]] – h/r/bTDN (mutant) + GDP

*Transducin-α+βγ complex with antibody

**[[6pt0]], [[6n4b]], [[6kpg]], [[6kpf]] – hTDN + cannaboid receptor + antibody fragment – Cryo EM

**[[6pb1]], [[6pb0]] – hTDN + CRFR-2 + urocortin + nanobody – Cryo EM

**[[6os9]] – hTDN + NTR1 + JMV449 + antibody fragment – Cryo EM

**[[6oik]], [[6oij]] – hTDN + AChR + antibody fragment – Cryo EM

**[[6crk]] – hTDN + antibody fragment

**[[6niy]], [[6e3y]] – hTDN + calcitonin receptor + calcitonin + nanobody – Cryo EM

**[[5uz7]] – hTDN + calcitonin receptor + antibody fragment - Cryo EM

**[[6ni3]] – hTDN + endolysin/adrenergic receptor + nanobody – Cryo EM

**[[6omm]] – hTDN + formyl peptide receptor + peptide agonist + antibody fragment – Cryo EM

**[[6p9y]] – hTDN + PACAP + nanobody – Cryo EM

**[[6li3]] – hTDN + GPR52 + nanobody – Cryo EM

**[[6gdg]] – hTDN + adenosine A2A receptor + nanobody – Cryo EM

**[[6b3j]] – hTDN + GLP-1R + exendin-p5 + nanobody – Cryo EM

**[[6ot0]] – hTDN + antibody + smoothened homolog – Cryo EM

**[[6cmo]] – hTDN + antibody + rhodopsin/cytochrome b562 – Cryo EM

**[[6qno]] – h/bTDN + antibody + rhodopsin + retinal – Cryo EM

**[[5vai]] – h/r/bTDN + glucagon-like peptide + antibody fragment - Cryo EM

**[[3sn6]] – TDN ba (mutant) + rb (mutant) + bc + endolysine + antibody fragment

}}

== References ==

[[Category: Topic Page]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Structure of rat transducin α (deepskyblue), β (green) and γ (gold) subunits complex with GDP (PDB code [[1gp2]]).' scene='59/590984/Cv/1' pspeed='8'>
+__TOC__
 == Function ==
-'''Transducin''' (TDN) or '''Heterotrimeric G protein''' or '''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G''' is a <scene name='59/590984/Cv/5'>heterotrimeric G protein containing 3 chains: α, β and γ</scene> which are organized in two subunits: α and βγ<ref>PMID:2534964</ref>. TDN is involved in phototransduction.  The absorption of a photon by retinal causes a change in the conformation of rhodopsin into metarhodopsin II.  The latter causes activation of TDN. Upon TDN activation the <scene name='59/590984/Cv/6'>GDP bound to its α subunit</scene> is exchanged for the GTP from the cytoplasm.  Deactivation of TDN occurs when the GTP bound to the α subunit is hydrolyzed to GDP. Phosducin binds to the βγ subunit of TDN preventing its re-association with the α subunit.
+'''Transducin''' (TDN) or '''Heterotrimeric G protein''' or '''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G''' is a <scene name='59/590984/Cv/5'>heterotrimeric G protein containing 3 chains: α, β and γ</scene> which are organized in two subunits: '''α''' and '''βγ'''<ref>PMID:2534964</ref>. TDN is involved in phototransduction.  The absorption of a photon by retinal causes a change in the conformation of rhodopsin into metarhodopsin II.  The latter causes activation of TDN. Upon TDN activation the <scene name='59/590984/Cv/6'>GDP bound to its α subunit</scene> is exchanged for the GTP from the cytoplasm.  Deactivation of TDN occurs when the GTP bound to the α subunit is hydrolyzed to GDP. Phosducin binds to the βγ subunit of TDN preventing its re-association with the α subunit.
 == Disease ==
 Congenital stationary night blindness (Nougaret disease) is caused by a mutation in TDN α subunit<ref>PMID:8673138</ref>.
 ==3D structures of transducin==
 [[Transducin 3D structures]]
@@ Line 13: / Line 14: @@
 </StructureSection>
-==3D structures of transducin==
-Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
-{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
-*Transducin-α
-**[[1tnd]] – bTDN + GTPγS - bovine<br />
-**[[1tag]] – bTDN + GDP<br />
-**[[3v00]] – b/ratTDN + GDP<br />
-**[[1tad]] – bTDN + GDP + AlF4<br />
-**[[1fqk]] – bTDN + RGS9 + GDP + AlF4<br />
-**[[1fqj]] – bTDN + RGS9 + GMP-PDE γ + GDP + AlF4<br />
-*Transducin-β
-**[[6n9g]] – TDN + RGS7 - mouse<br />
-*Transducin-βγ
-**[[5he0]], [[5he1]], [[5he2]], [[5he3]], [[5ukk]], [[5ukl]], [[5ukm]] – hTDN + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 + inhibitor<br />
-**[[4kfm]] – hTDN + G-protein activated inward rectifier K+ channel<br />
-**[[6m8s]] – hTDN + KCTD12<br />
-**[[6nbi]], [[6nbh]], [[6nbf]] – hTDN + PTH/PTHRP + long-acting parathyroid hormone + GS protein a subunit + nanobody – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[4pnk]] – h/bTDN + bγ (mutant)+ β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1tbg]] – bTDN <br />
-**[[2trc]], [[1a0r]], [[1b9x]], [[1b9y]] – bTDN + phosducin<br />
-**[[1omw]], [[3cik]] – bTDN + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2<br />
-**[[3v5w]] – bTDN (mutant) + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2<br />
-**[[3psc]], [[3pvu]], [[3pvw]], [[4mk0]] – bTDN + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1<br />
-**[[2bcj]] – bTDN (mutant) + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1<br />
-**[[3uzs]] – bTDN + β-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 + RNA<br />
-**[[3krw]], [[3krx]], [[6c2y]], [[5wg5]], [[5wg4]], [[5wg3]] – bTDN + G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2 + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1xhm]] – bTDN + peptide<br />
-**[[6pcv]] – bTDN + RAC exchanger – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6b20]] – bTDN + nanobody<br />
-*Transducin-α+βγ
-**[[6eg8]] – hTDN + GDP<br />
-**[[6ddf]], [[6dde]] – hTDN + mu opioid receptor + DAMGO – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6d9h]] – hTDN + AChR/adenosine receptor – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6p9x]] – hTDN + CRFR-1 + corticliberin – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6osa]] – hTDN + NTR1 + JMV449 – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6g79]] – hTDN + serotonin receptor – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6oy9]] – bTDN + rhodopsin + retinal – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6oya]] – bTDN + antibody + rhodopsin + retinal – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[1got]] – bTDN + GDP<br />
-**[[1gp2]], [[5kdo]], [[1gg2]] – r/bTDN + GDP - rat<br />
-**[[3ah8]] – r/bTDN (mutant) + GDP + inhibitor<br />
-**[[5tdh]] – h/r/bTDN (mutant) + GDP<br />
-*Transducin-α+βγ complex with antibody
-**[[6pt0]], [[6n4b]], [[6kpg]], [[6kpf]] – hTDN + cannaboid receptor + antibody fragment – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6pb1]], [[6pb0]] – hTDN + CRFR-2 + urocortin + nanobody – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6os9]] – hTDN + NTR1 + JMV449 + antibody fragment – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6oik]], [[6oij]] – hTDN + AChR + antibody fragment – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6crk]] – hTDN + antibody fragment <br />
-**[[6niy]], [[6e3y]] – hTDN + calcitonin receptor + calcitonin + nanobody – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[5uz7]] – hTDN + calcitonin receptor + antibody fragment - Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6ni3]] – hTDN + endolysin/adrenergic receptor + nanobody – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6omm]] – hTDN + formyl peptide receptor + peptide agonist + antibody fragment – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6p9y]] – hTDN + PACAP + nanobody – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6li3]] – hTDN + GPR52 + nanobody – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6gdg]] – hTDN + adenosine A2A receptor + nanobody – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6b3j]] – hTDN + GLP-1R + exendin-p5 + nanobody – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6ot0]] – hTDN + antibody + smoothened homolog – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6cmo]] – hTDN + antibody + rhodopsin/cytochrome b562 – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[6qno]] – h/bTDN + antibody + rhodopsin + retinal – Cryo EM<br />
-**[[5vai]] – h/r/bTDN + glucagon-like peptide + antibody fragment - Cryo EM<br />
-**[[3sn6]] – TDN ba (mutant) + rb (mutant) + bc + endolysine + antibody fragment<br />
-}}
 == References ==
 <references/>
 [[Category: Topic Page]]

Transducin: Difference between revisions

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