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[[Image:3ins.gif|left|200px]]
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{{STRUCTURE_3ins|  PDB=3ins  |  SCENE=  }}
'''STRUCTURE OF INSULIN. RESULTS OF JOINT NEUTRON AND X-RAY REFINEMENT'''


==STRUCTURE OF INSULIN. RESULTS OF JOINT NEUTRON AND X-RAY REFINEMENT==
<StructureSection load='3ins' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3ins]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3ins]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa Sus scrofa]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3INS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3INS FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Hybrid , Neutron Diffraction , X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.5&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=DOD:DEUTERATED+WATER'>DOD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ins FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3ins OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3ins PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3ins RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3ins PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3ins ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/INS_PIG INS_PIG] Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/in/3ins_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3ins ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Neutron diffraction data for porcine 2Zn insulin were collected to 2.2 A resolution from a single crystal deuterated by slow exchange of mother liquor. A joint neutron/X-ray restrained-least-squares refinement was undertaken using the neutron data, as well as the 1.5 A resolution X-ray data collected previously. The final R factors were 0.182 for the X-ray data and 0.191 for the neutron data. Resulting atomic coordinates were compared with the initial X-ray model, showing a total r.m.s. shift of 0.36 A for the protein and 0.6 A for the solvent. Protonation of a number of individual amino acids was investigated by analysis of the neutron maps. No D atoms were found between the carboxylates of Glu B13 which make an intermolecular contact, suggesting nonbonded interaction rather than the predicted hydrogen bond. Amide hydrogen exchange was investigated in a refinement of their atomic occupancies. Regions of unexchanged amide groups were found in the center of the B helices. The results of this study emphasize the limited amount of information available in neutron diffraction studies of proteins at resolution lower than 2 A.


==Overview==
Structure of insulin: results of joint neutron and X-ray refinement.,Wlodawer A, Savage H, Dodson G Acta Crystallogr B. 1989 Feb 1;45 ( Pt 1):99-107. PMID:2695122<ref>PMID:2695122</ref>
Neutron diffraction data for porcine 2Zn insulin were collected to 2.2 A resolution from a single crystal deuterated by slow exchange of mother liquor. A joint neutron/X-ray restrained-least-squares refinement was undertaken using the neutron data, as well as the 1.5 A resolution X-ray data collected previously. The final R factors were 0.182 for the X-ray data and 0.191 for the neutron data. Resulting atomic coordinates were compared with the initial X-ray model, showing a total r.m.s. shift of 0.36 A for the protein and 0.6 A for the solvent. Protonation of a number of individual amino acids was investigated by analysis of the neutron maps. No D atoms were found between the carboxylates of Glu B13 which make an intermolecular contact, suggesting nonbonded interaction rather than the predicted hydrogen bond. Amide hydrogen exchange was investigated in a refinement of their atomic occupancies. Regions of unexchanged amide groups were found in the center of the B helices. The results of this study emphasize the limited amount of information available in neutron diffraction studies of proteins at resolution lower than 2 A.


==About this Structure==
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
3INS is a [[Protein complex]] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa Sus scrofa]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3INS OCA].
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 3ins" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==Reference==
==See Also==
Structure of insulin: results of joint neutron and X-ray refinement., Wlodawer A, Savage H, Dodson G, Acta Crystallogr B. 1989 Feb 1;45 ( Pt 1):99-107. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2695122 2695122]
*[[Insulin 3D Structures|Insulin 3D Structures]]
[[Category: Protein complex]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Sus scrofa]]
[[Category: Sus scrofa]]
[[Category: Savage, H.]]
[[Category: Savage H]]
[[Category: Wlodawer, A.]]
[[Category: Wlodawer A]]
[[Category: Hormone]]
''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Sun May  4 22:04:50 2008''
Retrieved from "https://proteopedia.org/3ins"