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New page: left|200px<br /><applet load="1tfw" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="1tfw, resolution 2.20Å" /> '''How CCA is added to ...
 
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[[Image:1tfw.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1tfw" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
caption="1tfw, resolution 2.20&Aring;" />
'''How CCA is added to the 3' end of immature tRNA without the use of an oligonucleotide template'''<br />


==Overview==
==How CCA is added to the 3' end of immature tRNA without the use of an oligonucleotide template==
Transfer RNA nucleotidyltransferases (CCA-adding enzymes) are responsible, for the maturation or repair of the functional 3' end of tRNAs by means of, the addition of the essential nucleotides CCA. However, it is unclear how, tRNA nucleotidyltransferases polymerize CCA onto the 3' terminus of, immature tRNAs without using a nucleic acid template. Here we describe the, crystal structure of the Archaeoglobus fulgidus tRNA, nucleotidyltransferase in complex with tRNA. We also present ternary, complexes of this enzyme with both RNA duplex mimics of the tRNA acceptor, stem that terminate with the nucleotides C74 or C75, as well as the, appropriate incoming nucleoside 5'-triphosphates. A single, nucleotide-binding pocket exists whose specificity for both CTP and ATP is, determined by the protein side chain of Arg 224 and backbone phosphates of, the tRNA, which are non-complementary to and thus exclude UTP and GTP., Discrimination between CTP or ATP at a given addition step and at, termination arises from changes in the size and shape of the nucleotide, binding site that is progressively altered by the elongating 3' end of the, tRNA.
<StructureSection load='1tfw' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1tfw]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1tfw]] is a 10 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoglobus_fulgidus Archaeoglobus fulgidus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1TFW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1TFW FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1tfw FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1tfw OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1tfw PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1tfw RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1tfw PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1tfw ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CCA_ARCFU CCA_ARCFU] Catalyzes the addition and repair of the essential 3'-terminal CCA sequence in tRNAs without using a nucleic acid template. Adds these three nucleotides in the order of C, C, and A to the tRNA nucleotide-73, using CTP and ATP as substrates and producing inorganic pyrophosphate.<ref>PMID:14592988</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/tf/1tfw_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1tfw ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Transfer RNA nucleotidyltransferases (CCA-adding enzymes) are responsible for the maturation or repair of the functional 3' end of tRNAs by means of the addition of the essential nucleotides CCA. However, it is unclear how tRNA nucleotidyltransferases polymerize CCA onto the 3' terminus of immature tRNAs without using a nucleic acid template. Here we describe the crystal structure of the Archaeoglobus fulgidus tRNA nucleotidyltransferase in complex with tRNA. We also present ternary complexes of this enzyme with both RNA duplex mimics of the tRNA acceptor stem that terminate with the nucleotides C74 or C75, as well as the appropriate incoming nucleoside 5'-triphosphates. A single nucleotide-binding pocket exists whose specificity for both CTP and ATP is determined by the protein side chain of Arg 224 and backbone phosphates of the tRNA, which are non-complementary to and thus exclude UTP and GTP. Discrimination between CTP or ATP at a given addition step and at termination arises from changes in the size and shape of the nucleotide binding site that is progressively altered by the elongating 3' end of the tRNA.


==About this Structure==
Mechanism of transfer RNA maturation by CCA-adding enzyme without using an oligonucleotide template.,Xiong Y, Steitz TA Nature. 2004 Aug 5;430(7000):640-5. PMID:15295590<ref>PMID:15295590</ref>
1TFW is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeoglobus_fulgidus Archaeoglobus fulgidus] with MG and ATP as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/tRNA_adenylyltransferase tRNA adenylyltransferase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.25 2.7.7.25] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1TFW OCA].


==Reference==
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
Mechanism of transfer RNA maturation by CCA-adding enzyme without using an oligonucleotide template., Xiong Y, Steitz TA, Nature. 2004 Aug 5;430(7000):640-5. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=15295590 15295590]
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1tfw" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
 
==See Also==
*[[CCA-adding enzyme 3D structures|CCA-adding enzyme 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Archaeoglobus fulgidus]]
[[Category: Archaeoglobus fulgidus]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: tRNA adenylyltransferase]]
[[Category: Steitz TA]]
[[Category: Steitz, T.A.]]
[[Category: Xiong Y]]
[[Category: Xiong, Y.]]
[[Category: ATP]]
[[Category: MG]]
[[Category: atp]]
[[Category: cca-adding complex]]
 
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