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New page: left|200px<br /><applet load="2g50" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="2g50, resolution 1.650Å" /> '''The location of the...
 
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[[Image:2g50.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2g50" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
caption="2g50, resolution 1.650&Aring;" />
'''The location of the allosteric amino acid binding site of muscle pyruvate kinase.'''<br />


==Overview==
==The location of the allosteric amino acid binding site of muscle pyruvate kinase.==
The isoform of pyruvate kinase from brain and muscle of mammals (M(1)-PYK), is allosterically inhibited by phenylalanine. Initial observations in this, model allosteric system indicate that Ala binds competitively with Phe, but elicits a minimal allosteric response. Thus, the allosteric ligand of, this system must have requirements for eliciting an allosteric response in, addition to the requirements for binding. Phe analogues have been used to, dissect what chemical properties of Phe are responsible for eliciting the, allosteric response. We first demonstrate that the l-2-aminopropanaldehyde, substructure of the amino acid ligand is primarily responsible for binding, to M(1)-PYK. Since the allosteric response to Ala is minimal and linear, addition of methyl groups beyond the beta-carbon increase the magnitude of, the allosteric response, we conclude that moieties beyond the beta-carbon, are primarily responsible for allostery. Instead of an all-or-none, mechanism of allostery, these findings support the idea that the bulk of, the hydrophobic side chain, but not the aromatic nature, is the primary, determinant of the magnitude of the observed allosteric inhibition. The, use of these results to direct structural studies has resulted in a 1.65 A, structure of M(1)-PYK with Ala bound. The coordination of Ala in the, allosteric amino acid binding site confirms the binding role of the, l-2-aminopropanaldehyde substructure of the ligand. Collectively, this, study confirms that a ligand can have chemical regions specific for, eliciting the allosteric signal in addition to the chemical regions, necessary for binding.
<StructureSection load='2g50' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2g50]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.65&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2g50]] is a 8 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oryctolagus_cuniculus Oryctolagus cuniculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2G50 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2G50 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.65&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ALA:ALANINE'>ALA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ETE:2-{2-[2-2-(METHOXY-ETHOXY)-ETHOXY]-ETHOXY}-ETHANOL'>ETE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=K:POTASSIUM+ION'>K</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MN:MANGANESE+(II)+ION'>MN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PYR:PYRUVIC+ACID'>PYR</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2g50 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2g50 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2g50 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2g50 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2g50 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2g50 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KPYM_RABIT KPYM_RABIT] Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP. Stimulates POU5F1-mediated transcriptional activation (By similarity).
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/g5/2g50_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2g50 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>


==About this Structure==
==See Also==
2G50 is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oryctolagus_cuniculus Oryctolagus cuniculus] with MN, K, NA, ALA, PYR, EDO, ETE and GOL as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvate_kinase Pyruvate kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.1.40 2.7.1.40] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2G50 OCA].
*[[Pyruvate kinase 3D structures|Pyruvate kinase 3D structures]]
 
__TOC__
==Reference==
</StructureSection>
Differentiating a ligand's chemical requirements for allosteric interactions from those for protein binding. Phenylalanine inhibition of pyruvate kinase., Williams R, Holyoak T, McDonald G, Gui C, Fenton AW, Biochemistry. 2006 May 2;45(17):5421-9. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=16634623 16634623]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Oryctolagus cuniculus]]
[[Category: Oryctolagus cuniculus]]
[[Category: Pyruvate kinase]]
[[Category: Fenton AW]]
[[Category: Single protein]]
[[Category: Holyoak T]]
[[Category: Fenton, A.W.]]
[[Category: Williams R]]
[[Category: Holyoak, T.]]
[[Category: Williams, R.]]
[[Category: ALA]]
[[Category: EDO]]
[[Category: ETE]]
[[Category: GOL]]
[[Category: K]]
[[Category: MN]]
[[Category: NA]]
[[Category: PYR]]
[[Category: allostery]]
[[Category: glycolysis]]
[[Category: kinase]]
[[Category: phosphoryl transfer]]
[[Category: pyruvate kinase]]
 
''Page seeded by [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Wed Nov 21 10:57:33 2007''
Retrieved from "https://proteopedia.org/2g50"