Sandbox 154: Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==

Actin is found in nearly all eukaryotic cells and is known primarily for its function as a structural and translocation protein. It also has an ATPase function, as it hydrolyzes ATP to ADP and P<sub>i</sub> and undergoes conformational changes with each hydrolysis. Actin belongs to the actin superfamily, which includes other proteins such as Hsp70(DnaK), Hsc70, and hexokinase, because of its nucelotide-dependent conformational change<ref>~~Graceffa~~</ref>. Because of the similarity observed in ''Escherichia Coli'''s, Hsc70 and ATPase domain of actin, it is believed that the two proteins have a common ancestory<ref>Holmes1</ref>. Prokaryotes are not known to have actin, but do however have an actin homologue, MreB, which also leads to the idea of possible common ancestory<ref>Holmes 2 </ref>.

Actin is found in nearly all eukaryotic cells and is known primarily for its function as a structural and translocation protein. It also has an ATPase function, as it hydrolyzes ATP to ADP and P<sub>i</sub> and undergoes conformational changes with each hydrolysis. Actin belongs to the actin superfamily, which includes other proteins such as Hsp70(DnaK), Hsc70, and hexokinase, because of its nucelotide-dependent conformational change<ref>PMID:12813032</ref>. Because of the similarity observed in ''Escherichia Coli'''s, Hsc70 and ATPase domain of actin, it is believed that the two proteins have a common ancestory<ref>Holmes1</ref>. Prokaryotes are not known to have actin, but do however have an actin homologue, MreB, which also leads to the idea of possible common ancestory<ref>Holmes 2 </ref>.

Actin occurs in two forms: globular actin (G-actin), the free monomeric units of actin, and filamentous actin (F-actin) which is the polymer form. These two forms exist in a dynamic equilibrium with one another as ATP-associated polymerization and depolymerization occur continuously within the cell.

Sandbox 154: Difference between revisions

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 == Introduction ==
-Actin is found in nearly all eukaryotic cells and is known primarily for its function as a structural and translocation protein. It also has an ATPase function, as it hydrolyzes ATP to ADP and P<sub>i</sub> and undergoes conformational changes with each hydrolysis. Actin belongs to the actin superfamily, which includes other proteins such as Hsp70(DnaK), Hsc70, and hexokinase, because of its nucelotide-dependent conformational change<ref>Graceffa</ref>. Because of the similarity observed in ''Escherichia Coli'''s, Hsc70 and ATPase domain of actin, it is believed that the two proteins have a common ancestory<ref>Holmes1</ref>. Prokaryotes are not known to have actin, but do however have an actin homologue, MreB, which also leads to the idea of possible common ancestory<ref>Holmes 2 </ref>.
+Actin is found in nearly all eukaryotic cells and is known primarily for its function as a structural and translocation protein. It also has an ATPase function, as it hydrolyzes ATP to ADP and P<sub>i</sub> and undergoes conformational changes with each hydrolysis. Actin belongs to the actin superfamily, which includes other proteins such as Hsp70(DnaK), Hsc70, and hexokinase, because of its nucelotide-dependent conformational change<ref>PMID:12813032</ref>. Because of the similarity observed in ''Escherichia Coli'''s, Hsc70 and ATPase domain of actin, it is believed that the two proteins have a common ancestory<ref>Holmes1</ref>. Prokaryotes are not known to have actin, but do however have an actin homologue, MreB, which also leads to the idea of possible common ancestory<ref>Holmes 2 </ref>.
 Actin occurs in two forms: globular actin (G-actin), the free monomeric units of actin, and filamentous actin (F-actin) which is the polymer form. These two forms exist in a dynamic equilibrium with one another as ATP-associated polymerization and depolymerization occur continuously within the cell.