Tol: Difference between revisions

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The Tol system, also known as Tol-Pal, is a multiprotein complex found in the cell envelope of many gram-negative bacteria. It contains 7 proteins ([[TolQ]], [[TolR]], [[TolA]], [[TolB]], [[Pal]], [[YbgF]], [[YbgC]]), whose ~~repective~~ genes are ~~organised~~ into two operons.

The Tol system, also known as Tol-Pal, is a multiprotein complex found in the cell envelope of many gram-negative bacteria. It contains 7 proteins ([[TolQ]], [[TolR]], [[TolA]], [[TolB]], [[Pal]], [[YbgF]], [[YbgC]]), whose respective genes are organized into two operons.

[[Image:Tol Operon.jpg|600px|right|thumb| The Tol Operon]]

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==Function==

As of yet, the cellular role of the Tol proteins is unclear, but is thought to be involved in the maintenance of the outer membrane as mutations of Tol proteins result in cells which leak the contents of the periplasm, as well as a hypersensitivity to some detergents, antibiotics and other agents.

==Regulation==

It has been shown that the regulation of Tol genes is linked to the cell envelope stability. <ref>PMID: 17347522</ref> In studies with E. coli, the ''tol-pal'' genes have been induced by RcsC in response to cell envelope stress. <ref>PMID: 8821933</ref> RcsC is a transmembrane sensor kinase, and along with the cytoplasmic response regulator RcsB, makes up the RcsBC regulatory system. <ref>PMID: 16166540</ref> RcsBC is involved in the regulation of ''cps'' genes which code for the biosynthsis machinery of a major ~~componant~~ for the capsula, cholanic acid.

It has been shown that the regulation of Tol genes is linked to the cell envelope stability. <ref>PMID: 17347522</ref> In studies with E. coli, the ''tol-pal'' genes have been induced by RcsC in response to cell envelope stress. <ref>PMID: 8821933</ref> RcsC is a transmembrane sensor kinase, and along with the cytoplasmic response regulator RcsB, makes up the RcsBC regulatory system. <ref>PMID: 16166540</ref> RcsBC is involved in the regulation of ''cps'' genes which code for the biosynthsis machinery of a major component for the capsula, cholanic acid.

== References==

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-The Tol system, also known as Tol-Pal, is a multiprotein complex found in the cell envelope of many gram-negative bacteria.  It contains 7 proteins ([[TolQ]], [[TolR]], [[TolA]], [[TolB]], [[Pal]], [[YbgF]], [[YbgC]]), whose repective genes are organised into two operons.
+The Tol system, also known as Tol-Pal, is a multiprotein complex found in the cell envelope of many gram-negative bacteria.  It contains 7 proteins ([[TolQ]], [[TolR]], [[TolA]], [[TolB]], [[Pal]], [[YbgF]], [[YbgC]]), whose respective genes are organized into two operons.
 [[Image:Tol Operon.jpg|600px|right|thumb| The Tol Operon]]
@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 ==Function==
+As of yet, the cellular role of the Tol proteins is unclear, but is thought to be involved in the maintenance of the outer membrane as mutations of Tol proteins result in cells which leak the contents of the periplasm, as well as a hypersensitivity to some detergents, antibiotics and other agents.
 ==Regulation==
-It has been shown that the regulation of Tol genes is linked to the cell envelope stability. <ref>PMID: 17347522</ref>  In studies with E. coli, the ''tol-pal'' genes have been induced by RcsC in response to cell envelope stress. <ref>PMID: 8821933</ref>  RcsC is a transmembrane sensor kinase, and along with the cytoplasmic response regulator RcsB, makes up the RcsBC regulatory system. <ref>PMID: 16166540</ref>  RcsBC is involved in the regulation of ''cps'' genes which code for the biosynthsis machinery of a major componant for the capsula, cholanic acid.
+It has been shown that the regulation of Tol genes is linked to the cell envelope stability. <ref>PMID: 17347522</ref>  In studies with E. coli, the ''tol-pal'' genes have been induced by RcsC in response to cell envelope stress. <ref>PMID: 8821933</ref>  RcsC is a transmembrane sensor kinase, and along with the cytoplasmic response regulator RcsB, makes up the RcsBC regulatory system. <ref>PMID: 16166540</ref>  RcsBC is involved in the regulation of ''cps'' genes which code for the biosynthsis machinery of a major component for the capsula, cholanic acid.
 == References==
 <references/>