Alendronate: Difference between revisions
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Alendronate is commonly known for its use in treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men, but is also used to treat Paget's disease (disease that results in deformed and enlarged bones).<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000018/</ref> Alendronate belongs to the class of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, which are inorganic pyrophosphate analogues. | Alendronate is commonly known for its use in treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men, but is also used to treat Paget's disease (disease that results in deformed and enlarged bones).<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000018/</ref> Alendronate belongs to the class of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, which are inorganic pyrophosphate analogues. | ||
== History of Bisphosphonates == | == History of Bisphosphonates == | ||
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Fosamax has also been linked to sudden subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femur fractures, osteonecrosis of the jaw, and esophageal disorders.<ref>http://fosamax.legalview.info/</ref> | Fosamax has also been linked to sudden subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femur fractures, osteonecrosis of the jaw, and esophageal disorders.<ref>http://fosamax.legalview.info/</ref> | ||
== Target Proteins and Bone == | == Target Proteins and Bone == | ||
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<scene name='Sandbox_59/Ptpre/1'>PTP example</scene> is given, so the binding site can be seen. | <scene name='Sandbox_59/Ptpre/1'>PTP example</scene> is given, so the binding site can be seen. | ||
<Structure load='2f92' size='450' frame='true' align='right' caption='Shown: The asymmetric subunit of FPPS, not the assumed biological molecule.' scene='Insert optional scene name here' /> | |||
=== Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (FPPS) === | === Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase (FPPS) === | ||
<scene name='Sandbox_59/Fpps/3'>Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS)</scene> is considered the main target protein of aminobisphosphonates (including alendronate). FPPS is the prenyl transferase in the HMG-CoA Reductase Pathway, which forms cholesterol (sterols and terpenoids) from acetyl CoA. It reacts with 3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) to form geranyl pyrophosphate (GGP). Researchers discovered that alendronate inhibits FPPS because they found a build-up of IPP in the cell, but less GGP.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10620343</ref> | <scene name='Sandbox_59/Fpps/3'>Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS)</scene> is considered the main target protein of aminobisphosphonates (including alendronate). FPPS is the prenyl transferase in the HMG-CoA Reductase Pathway, which forms cholesterol (sterols and terpenoids) from acetyl CoA. It reacts with 3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) to form geranyl pyrophosphate (GGP). Researchers discovered that alendronate inhibits FPPS because they found a build-up of IPP in the cell, but less GGP.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10620343</ref> | ||
