Sandbox Reserved 309: Difference between revisions
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Adenylate kinase is a phosphotransferase that catalyzes the interconversion reaction of ATP, ADP, and AMP. Phosphotransferases include enzymes that catalyze phosphorylation reactions like the mechanism depicted below. It is part of the nucleotide and nucleoside kinases family. The adenylate kinase family can be classified into two groups: a long variant group, possessing a longer LID domain, and a short variant group where the ''Myobacterium tuberculosis'' bacterium can be found <ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref>. Since the source of this form of adenylate kinase is ''M. tuberculosis'' it is very important in developing treatment for tuberculosis in humans, as it is found to be essential for bacterial survival, and is therefore an excellent target for drugs when treating the disease. <ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref> | Adenylate kinase is a phosphotransferase that catalyzes the interconversion reaction of ATP, ADP, and AMP. Phosphotransferases include enzymes that catalyze phosphorylation reactions like the mechanism depicted below. It is part of the nucleotide and nucleoside kinases family. The adenylate kinase family can be classified into two groups: a long variant group, possessing a longer LID domain, and a short variant group where the ''Myobacterium tuberculosis'' bacterium can be found <ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref>. Since the source of this form of adenylate kinase is ''M. tuberculosis'' it is very important in developing treatment for tuberculosis in humans, as it is found to be essential for bacterial survival, and is therefore an excellent target for drugs when treating the disease. <ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref> | ||
=Structure= | =Structure= | ||
[[Image: | [[Image:LID_and_NMP_region.png]] | ||
Protein of 201 residues with a <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_309/Ligand/1'>Ligand</scene> consisting of two molecules of ADP (Adenosine-5'-Phosphate) and Magnesium ion. <Structure load=2cdn size='200' frame='true' align='right' caption= 'Adenosine-5'-Diphosphate and Mg' scene='Sandbox_Reserved_309/Ligand/1'/> | Protein of 201 residues with a <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_309/Ligand/1'>Ligand</scene> consisting of two molecules of ADP (Adenosine-5'-Phosphate) and Magnesium ion. <Structure load=2cdn size='200' frame='true' align='right' caption= 'Adenosine-5'-Diphosphate and Mg' scene='Sandbox_Reserved_309/Ligand/1'/> | ||
==The solution structure== | ==The solution structure== | ||
With no ligand, is represented by a central CORE domain composed of a 5-stranded parallel beta sheet surrounded by 7 alpha helices, and two periferal domains, LID and NMP <ref name=Miron>PMID:14705932 </ref>, these two binding regions participate in the isolation of the substrates during catalysis and usually undergo significant conformational changes during the reaction <ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref> | With no ligand, is represented by a central CORE domain composed of a 5-stranded parallel beta sheet surrounded by 7 alpha helices, and two periferal domains, LID and NMP <ref name=Miron>PMID:14705932 </ref>, these two binding regions participate in the isolation of the substrates during catalysis and usually undergo significant conformational changes during the reaction <ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref> | ||
==The crystalline structure== | ==The crystalline structure== | ||
Globular with a central core made by a <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_309/Beta_parallel_sheet/1'>beta parallel sheet</scene> surrounded by alpha helices, a P-loop motif at the N-terminus that binds ATP, and two regions (LID and NMP).The LID region consists of a ten residue loop and is depicted in grey and green in the above image. <ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref> | Globular with a central core made by a <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_309/Beta_parallel_sheet/1'>beta parallel sheet</scene> surrounded by alpha helices, a P-loop motif at the N-terminus that binds ATP, and two regions (LID and NMP).<ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref> The LID region consists of a ten residue loop and is depicted in grey and green in the above image. The NMP-binding region is depicted in orange and dark purple. The overall rearrangement of the NMP binding region is 3.6 angstroms, and 6.4 angstroms in the LID region, indicating that these two regions experience large conformational changes during activation. <ref name=Bellinzoni>PMID: 16672241 </ref> | ||
=Function= | =Function= | ||
*Involved in nucleotide biosynthesis, which is very important as the intervention point for therapeutic agents. | *Involved in nucleotide biosynthesis, which is very important as the intervention point for therapeutic agents. | ||
