Sandbox Reserved 335: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome Cytochromes] are a class of heme-containing proteins found in bacteria and the mitochondria of eukaryotes.<ref name=main /> These proteins are generally membrane-bound and are known as respiratory pigments because they are involved in various electron transport systems in oxidative phosphorylation.<ref name="heme">PMID:14871137</ref> Cytochromes can be categorized into several different types, three of which are based on the type of prosthetic heme group the cytochrome contains: cytochromes ''a'' contains heme ''a'', cyt ''b'' contains heme ''b'', and cyt ''d'' containing a tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.<ref name="cytd">MeSH | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome Cytochromes] are a class of heme-containing proteins found in bacteria and the mitochondria of eukaryotes.<ref name=main /> These proteins are generally membrane-bound and are known as respiratory pigments because they are involved in various electron transport systems in oxidative phosphorylation.<ref name="heme">PMID:14871137</ref> Cytochromes can be categorized into several different types, three of which are based on the type of prosthetic heme group the cytochrome contains: cytochromes ''a'' contains heme ''a'', cyt ''b'' contains heme ''b'', and cyt ''d'' containing a tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron.<ref name="cytd">MeSH http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?mode=&term=Cytochrome+d</ref> Cytochrome ''c'' is named such because it contains the heme ''c'', which is distinguished from hemes ''a'', ''b'', and ''d'' by its coordination to the protein scaffold by cysteinyl residues to either one or both of the heme's vinyl side chains<ref name=heme /> | ||
Cyt ''c'' has been split into four classes.<ref name=”amb”>PMID:1646017</ref> Class I contains single domain C-type cytochromes, of which there has been at least six subclasses found in prokaryotes including [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desulfovibrio ''Desulfovibrio desulfuricans''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodospirillum_rubrum ''Rhodospirillum rubrum''], and ''Rhodothermus marinus''. Class II cyt ''c'' contains | Cyt ''c'' has been split into four classes.<ref name=”amb”>PMID:1646017</ref> Class I contains single domain C-type cytochromes, of which there has been at least six subclasses found in prokaryotes including [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desulfovibrio ''Desulfovibrio desulfuricans''], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodospirillum_rubrum ''Rhodospirillum rubrum''], and ''Rhodothermus marinus''. Class II cyt ''c'' contains | ||
