Post-translational modification: Difference between revisions
From Proteopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
Eric Martz (talk | contribs) Created page |
Eric Martz (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
''Post-translational modification'' ('''PTM''') refers to chemical modification of [[amino acids]] after they have been incorporated into protein chains in sequences specified by the genome. More than 200 kinds of PTM are known<ref>Kessel, Amit, and Ben-Tal, Nir. Introduction to proteins: structure, function, and motion. CRC Press, 2011.</ref><ref>PMID: 16267872</ref>. | ''Post-translational modification'' ('''PTM''') refers to chemical modification of [[amino acids]] after they have been incorporated into protein chains in sequences specified by the genome. PTM affect the functions of proteins. More than 200 kinds of PTM are known, affecting 15 of the 20 standard [[amino acids]]<ref name="kesselbental">Kessel, Amit, and Ben-Tal, Nir. Introduction to proteins: structure, function, and motion. CRC Press, 2011.</ref><ref>PMID: 16267872</ref>. | ||
==Chemical Nature== | |||
PTM include<ref name="kesselbental" /> | |||
*phosphorylation, notably of tyrosine, serine, or threonine | |||
*glycosylation, notably of asparagine | |||
*acylation | |||
*alkylation | |||
*oxidation | |||
==Consequences for Proteome== | |||
About 5% of the genome of eukaryotes is devoted to enzymes that carry out PTM<ref name="kesselbental" />. PTM may increase the number of unique proteins in an organism by more than an order of magnitude. | |||
==LIterature Cited== | ==LIterature Cited== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
