Sandbox Reserved 381: Difference between revisions

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== ''O-GlcNAc transferase'' ==
== ''O-GlcNAc transferase'' ==


The Gram positive bacilli ''Clostridium tetani'' is the bacteria responsible for the disease state of tetanus.  The presence of the bacteria does not cause the disease but instead the toxins it produces cause the disease state. ''C. tetani'' produces two toxins; tetanospasmin and tetanolysin.  Tetanolysin is a cytolysin that increases the permeability of cellular membranes through cell lysis.<ref> PMID: 2404569</ref>  Tetanospasmin is the cause of tetanus and is sometimes referred to as tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT), as it acts on the central nervous system. Tetanospasmin makes its way to the central nervous system via retrograde axonal flow beginning with α- motor neurons found in muscle and ending by binding to gangliosides found in the central nervous system (CNS).<ref> Bizzini B. Tetanus Toxin. Microbiological Reviews.1979 June;43(2):224-236.[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC281472/pdf/microrev00006-0112.pdf?tool=pmcentrez]</ref>
O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (O-GlcNAc transferase)is an essential mammalian enzyme that acts as a nutrient sensor, coupling metabolic status to the regulation of a wide variety of cellular signaling pathways.<ref> Hart GW, Housley MP, Slawson C. Cycling of O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine on nucleocytoplasmic proteins. Nature.2007;446:1017-22.[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v446/n7139/abs/nature05815.html]</ref>


[[Image:Mechanism_of_action_of_tetanospasmin.jpg|thumb|350px|left|Mechanism of Action for Tetanospasmin.<ref> Mechanism of Action of Tetanospasmin (Dr. Arnab K Rana) [image on the internet]. 2005[updated 2005 Dec 26; cited 2011 Apr 20]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mechanism_of_action_of_tetanospasmin.gif</ref>]]
[[Image:Mechanism_of_action_of_tetanospasmin.jpg|thumb|350px|left|Mechanism of Action for Tetanospasmin.<ref> Mechanism of Action of Tetanospasmin (Dr. Arnab K Rana) [image on the internet]. 2005[updated 2005 Dec 26; cited 2011 Apr 20]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mechanism_of_action_of_tetanospasmin.gif</ref>]]
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