Sandbox Reserved 386: Difference between revisions

''Neisseria gonorrhoeae'' is the bacteria that causes the STD gonorrhea. This bacteria is quite resistant to many hydrophobic drugs, detergents, and dyes. The reason behind the tough resistance is the energy dependent efflux pump Mtr (Multiple transferable resistance).  MtrF has been identified as a cell envelope protein that is involved with the resistance of hydrophobic antimicrobials in ''Neisseria gonorrhoeae''. MtrF is a protein that helps highlight the expression of detergent resistance by ''Gonococci''. MtrF is thought to act in accordance with the MtrC- MtrD- MtrE efflux pump; to make sure ''Gonococci'' has high level resistance to specific hydrophobic agents. MtrF is located near the MtrR gene and is predicted to encode a cytoplasmic membrane protein that contains up to twelve transmembrane domains. The expression of MtrF is ultimately subject to MtrR’s transcriptional control. MtrF was given its name because it’s so closely tied to the protein MtrR. Several orthologues were discovered in a few Gram-negative and positive bacteria, indicating that perhaps the predicted products may represent an undescribed protein family that is highly involved with resistance of antimicrobials. <ref> PMID:12493784 </ref>

A prime example of MtrF regulation is the study of "Regulation of MtrF Expression in ''Neisseria gonorrhoeae'' and Its Role in High-Level Antimicrobial Resistance".<ref> PMID:15901695 </ref> In this study the expression of MtrF was repressed by MtrR (the major repressor in the mtrCDE expression). Another repressor known as MpeR can also regulate the expression of MtrF. Repression of MtrF by MtrR and MpeR was used, demonstrating that the repressive effects mediated by these regulators are independent processes. MtrF was also disabled and the significant reduction in the induction of hydrophobic agent resistance and it was found that the expression of MtrF is enhanced when gonococci are grown under inducing conditions.