Sandbox 212: Difference between revisions
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* '''Differences within carnitine acyltransferase family members''' | * '''Differences within carnitine acyltransferase family members''' | ||
All members of carnitine acyltransferases catalyze the same reversible reaction:the exchange of acyl groups between carnitine and coenzyme A (CoA)--> see picture. This is in accord with the fact, that the catalytic domains of all the carnitine acyltransferases are well conserved. | |||
However the three known classes of carnitine acyltransferases differ in their acyl group specificity, subcellular localization, tissue distribution, and physiological function(3). | |||
Carnitine acetyltransferase (CrATs) prefere '''short chain fatty acids''' as substrates and are localized in the mitochondrial matrix, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the peroxisome. | |||
Carnitine octanoyltransferases (COTs) show medium chain fatty acid substrate preference and are mainly found in peroxisomes. | |||
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPTs) have long chain fatty acids substrate preference and are found in the outer mitochondrial | |||
membrane and the mitochondrial matrix. | |||
[[Image:Second step.jpg|thumb|second step of the carnitine shuttle|600px|right]] | [[Image:Second step.jpg|thumb|second step of the carnitine shuttle|600px|right]] | ||
