Sandbox207: Difference between revisions

Line 45:

==Biomarker==

:The CRP concentration is a very useful nonspecific biochemical marker of inflammation and/or tissue damage. It is used since 1977 in the diagnosis and the supervision of the evolution of the infections, because the normalization of its rate is an indication that the infectious phenomenon is mastered. The C Reactive Protein is also a predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disease risk. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-reactive_protein <4>]

:The CRP concentration is a very useful '''nonspecific biochemical marker of inflammation and/or tissue damage'''. It is used since 1977 in the diagnosis and the supervision of the evolution of the infections, because the '''normalization of its rate''' is an indication that the infectious phenomenon is mastered. The C Reactive Protein is also a predictive '''biomarker for cardiovascular disease risk'''. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-reactive_protein <4>]

:In healthy young adult, the median concentration of CRP is 0.8 mg/l. This value may increase from less than 50 μg/l to more than 500 mg/l (10,000-fold), following an acute-phase stimulus. After a single stimulus, serum concentration of CRP is rising above 5 mg/l ~~by about~~ 6 hours. This increase is proportional to the intensity of the inflammation. The peak is reached ~~around~~ 48 hours. When the stimulus ceases, the circulating CRP concentration falls rapidly. [http://www.jci.org/articles/view/18921 <3>]

:In healthy young adult, the median concentration of CRP is '''0.8 mg/l'''. This value may increase from '''less than 50 μg/l to more than 500 mg/l''' (10,000-fold), following an acute-phase stimulus. After a '''single stimulus''', serum concentration of CRP is rising '''above 5 mg/l''' in around 6 hours. This increase is proportional to the intensity of the inflammation. The peak is reached during 48 hours. When the stimulus ceases, the circulating CRP concentration falls rapidly. [http://www.jci.org/articles/view/18921 <3>]

:There is individual variability in baseline CRP, resulting from non-genetic or genetic factors. Indeed, a polymorphism in the CRP gene intron and promoter has been described, that pertubs expression level.

:The intron of the gene of the CRP is formed by 278 nucleotides, containing a segment of 39 nucleotides rich in GT bases. This segment could be responsible for the ~~training~~ of the left-handed helix of the Z-form DNA of the CRP. The ~~individuals~~ possessing a particular allele combination have a lower concentration of the CRP. It is probably due to structural modifications of the DNA which would affect the transcription of the gene.

:The intron of the gene of the CRP is formed of 278 nucleotides, containing a segment of 39 nucleotides rich in GT bases. This segment could be responsible for the formation of the left-handed helix of the Z-form DNA of the CRP. The persons possessing a particular allele combination have a '''lower concentration of the CRP'''. It is probably due to '''structural modifications of the DNA''' which would affect the transcription of the gene.

:Within the promoter, several polymorphisms were discovered in transcription factor binding E-box sites, what ~~seem~~ to significantly influence the rate of the CRP into the blood.

:Within the promoter, several polymorphisms were discovered in transcription factor binding E-box sites, what seems to significantly influence the rate of the CRP into the blood.

:This variability should be taken into account when using the CRP as a predictive biomarker. [http://www.rndsystems.com/cb_detail_objectname_SU05_CReactiveProtein.aspx <5>]

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@@ Line 45: / Line 45: @@
 ==Biomarker==
-:The CRP concentration is a very useful nonspecific biochemical marker of inflammation and/or tissue damage. It is used since 1977 in the diagnosis and the supervision of the evolution of the infections, because the normalization of its rate is an indication that the infectious phenomenon is mastered. The C Reactive Protein is also a predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disease risk. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-reactive_protein <4>]
+:The CRP concentration is a very useful '''nonspecific biochemical marker of inflammation and/or tissue damage'''. It is used since 1977 in the diagnosis and the supervision of the evolution of the infections, because the '''normalization of its rate''' is an indication that the infectious phenomenon is mastered. The C Reactive Protein is also a predictive '''biomarker for cardiovascular disease risk'''. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-reactive_protein <4>]
-:In healthy young adult, the median concentration of CRP is 0.8 mg/l. This value may increase from less than 50 μg/l to more than 500 mg/l (10,000-fold), following an acute-phase stimulus. After a single stimulus, serum concentration of CRP is rising above 5 mg/l by about 6 hours. This increase is proportional to the intensity of the inflammation. The peak is reached around 48 hours. When the stimulus ceases, the circulating CRP concentration falls rapidly. [http://www.jci.org/articles/view/18921 <3>]
+:In healthy young adult, the median concentration of CRP is '''0.8 mg/l'''. This value may increase from '''less than 50 μg/l to more than 500 mg/l''' (10,000-fold), following an acute-phase stimulus. After a '''single stimulus''', serum concentration of CRP is rising '''above 5 mg/l''' in around 6 hours. This increase is proportional to the intensity of the inflammation. The peak is reached during 48 hours. When the stimulus ceases, the circulating CRP concentration falls rapidly. [http://www.jci.org/articles/view/18921 <3>]
 :There is individual variability in baseline CRP, resulting from non-genetic or genetic factors. Indeed, a polymorphism in the CRP gene intron and promoter has been described,  that pertubs expression level.
-:The intron of the gene of the CRP is formed by 278 nucleotides, containing a segment of 39 nucleotides rich in GT bases. This segment could be responsible for the training of the left-handed helix of the Z-form DNA of the CRP. The individuals possessing a particular allele combination have a lower concentration of the CRP. It is probably due to structural modifications of the DNA which would affect the transcription of the gene.
+:The intron of the gene of the CRP is formed of 278 nucleotides, containing a segment of 39 nucleotides rich in GT bases. This segment could be responsible for the formation of the left-handed helix of the Z-form DNA of the CRP. The persons possessing a particular allele combination have a '''lower concentration of the CRP'''. It is probably due to '''structural modifications of the DNA''' which would affect the transcription of the gene.
-:Within the promoter, several polymorphisms were discovered in transcription factor binding E-box sites, what seem to significantly influence the rate of the CRP into the blood.
+:Within the promoter, several polymorphisms were discovered in transcription factor binding E-box sites, what seems to significantly influence the rate of the CRP into the blood.
 :This variability should be taken into account when using the CRP as a predictive biomarker. [http://www.rndsystems.com/cb_detail_objectname_SU05_CReactiveProtein.aspx <5>]