Sandbox Reserved 427: Difference between revisions
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The insulin receptor's main substrate is insulin, which is referred to as insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1). Upon binding to IRS-1, the insulin receptor phosphorylates at least 3 tyrosine residues in IRS-1. These tyrosines are known to be located at residues 1158, 1162, and 1163. Phosphorylation of these 3 tyrosines, and possibly more, leads to an increase in the glucose transporter (Glut-4) which has a high affinity for glucose molecules. This occurs mainly in muscle and adipose tissues where glucose uptake is most needed. This increase in Glut-4 causes an increase in glucose uptake from blood. Simply stated, 3loh is activated by insulin (IRS-1) which signals for an increase in Glut-4. Glut-4 finds its way to the cell surface where it can perform its function (transport glucose into the cell). | The insulin receptor's main substrate is insulin, which is referred to as insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1). Upon binding to IRS-1, the insulin receptor phosphorylates at least 3 tyrosine residues in IRS-1. These tyrosines are known to be located at residues 1158, 1162, and 1163. Phosphorylation of these 3 tyrosines, and possibly more, leads to an increase in the glucose transporter (Glut-4) which has a high affinity for glucose molecules. This occurs mainly in muscle and adipose tissues where glucose uptake is most needed. This increase in Glut-4 causes an increase in glucose uptake from blood. Simply stated, 3loh is activated by insulin (IRS-1) which signals for an increase in Glut-4. Glut-4 finds its way to the cell surface where it can perform its function (transport glucose into the cell). | ||
The binding mechanism and site are not completely understood. What is known, however, is that | |||
Green scene of the active site of 3loh. The active site is highlighted in red. <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_427/Active_site/1'>Active Site</scene>. This green scene is quite complex! Simplify to make your point clearly... Prof T. | Green scene of the active site of 3loh. The active site is highlighted in red. <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_427/Active_site/1'>Active Site</scene>. This green scene is quite complex! Simplify to make your point clearly... Prof T. | ||
