Lipase: Difference between revisions

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== '''Introduction''' ==

Lipase ~~is a hydrolase that~~ catalyzes the breakdown of lipids by hydrolyzing the esters of fatty acids. ~~This makes lipase~~ important in digestion and promoting absorption of fats in the intestines. Lipase is primarily found in and secreted by the pancreas but is also found in the saliva and ~~the~~ stomach. Pancreatic lipase (PDB ID: 1HPL) which is pictured to the right is a carboxylic ester hydrolase. It is also commonly called pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase and its enzyme class number is E.C. 3.1.1.3 <ref name="1HPL PDB SUM">[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?pdbcode=1hpl&template=main.html] 1HPL PDB SUM </ref>. The reaction catalyzed by ~~this~~ enzyme is shown below.

Lipase catalyzes the breakdown of lipids by hydrolyzing the esters of fatty acids. Its function is important for digestion and promoting absorption of fats in the intestines. Lipase is primarily found in and secreted by the pancreas, but is also found in the saliva and stomach. Pancreatic lipase (PDB ID: 1HPL) which is pictured to the right, is a carboxylic ester hydrolase. It is also commonly called pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase and its enzyme class number is E.C. 3.1.1.3 <ref name="1HPL PDB SUM">[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?pdbcode=1hpl&template=main.html] 1HPL PDB SUM </ref>. The reaction catalyzed by the enzyme is shown below.

[[Image:Picture 1.png]]

Further breakdown ultimately results in 2-monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids <ref name= "A cross-linked complex between horse pancreatic lipase and colipase">[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0014579389815923] A cross-linked complex between horse pancreatic lipase and colipase</ref>. An in depth discussion of the mechanism can be found in the Lipase Catalytic Mechanism section. The determination of the structure and function of lipase was a gradual process. Lipase activity was first demonstrated in the pancreas by Claude Bernard in 1846. It wasn't until 1955 that Mattson and Beck demonstrated a high-specificity of pancreatic lipase for triglyceride primary esters <ref name= "History of Lipids">[http://www.cyberlipid.org/history/history1.htm] History of Lipids</ref>. In recent years, determination of the crystal structure of pancreatic lipase has become the focus ~~and~~ many scientists have worked to further this. See also [[Molecular Playground/Pancreatic Lipase]].

Further breakdown ultimately results in 2-monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids <ref name= "A cross-linked complex between horse pancreatic lipase and colipase">[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0014579389815923] A cross-linked complex between horse pancreatic lipase and colipase</ref>. An in depth discussion of the mechanism can be found in the Lipase Catalytic Mechanism section. The determination of the structure and function of lipase was a gradual process. Lipase activity was first demonstrated in the pancreas by Claude Bernard in 1846. It wasn't until 1955 that Mattson and Beck demonstrated a high-specificity of pancreatic lipase for triglyceride primary esters <ref name= "History of Lipids">[http://www.cyberlipid.org/history/history1.htm] History of Lipids</ref>. In recent years, determination of the crystal structure of pancreatic lipase has become the primary focus as many scientists have worked to further this. See also [[Molecular Playground/Pancreatic Lipase]].

== '''Structure''' ==

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 == '''Introduction''' ==
-Lipase is a hydrolase that catalyzes the breakdown of lipids by hydrolyzing the esters of fatty acids.  This makes lipase important in digestion and promoting absorption of fats in the intestines.  Lipase is primarily found in and secreted by the pancreas but is also found in the saliva and the stomach.  Pancreatic lipase (PDB ID:  1HPL) which is pictured to the right is a carboxylic ester hydrolase.  It is also commonly called pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase and its enzyme class number is E.C. 3.1.1.3 <ref name="1HPL PDB SUM">[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?pdbcode=1hpl&template=main.html] 1HPL PDB SUM </ref>.  The reaction catalyzed by this enzyme is shown below.
+Lipase catalyzes the breakdown of lipids by hydrolyzing the esters of fatty acids.  Its function is important for digestion and promoting absorption of fats in the intestines.  Lipase is primarily found in and secreted by the pancreas, but is also found in the saliva and stomach.  Pancreatic lipase (PDB ID:  1HPL) which is pictured to the right, is a carboxylic ester hydrolase.  It is also commonly called pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase and its enzyme class number is E.C. 3.1.1.3 <ref name="1HPL PDB SUM">[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?pdbcode=1hpl&template=main.html] 1HPL PDB SUM </ref>.  The reaction catalyzed by the enzyme is shown below.
 [[Image:Picture 1.png]]
-Further breakdown ultimately results in 2-monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids <ref name= "A cross-linked complex between horse pancreatic lipase and colipase">[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0014579389815923] A cross-linked complex between horse pancreatic lipase and colipase</ref>. An in depth discussion of the mechanism can be found in the Lipase Catalytic Mechanism section. The determination of the structure and function of lipase was a gradual process.  Lipase activity was first demonstrated in the pancreas by Claude Bernard in 1846.  It wasn't until 1955 that Mattson and Beck demonstrated a high-specificity of pancreatic lipase for triglyceride primary esters <ref name= "History of Lipids">[http://www.cyberlipid.org/history/history1.htm] History of Lipids</ref>.  In recent years, determination of the crystal structure of pancreatic lipase has become the focus and many scientists have worked to further this.  See also [[Molecular Playground/Pancreatic Lipase]].
+Further breakdown ultimately results in 2-monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids <ref name= "A cross-linked complex between horse pancreatic lipase and colipase">[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0014579389815923] A cross-linked complex between horse pancreatic lipase and colipase</ref>. An in depth discussion of the mechanism can be found in the Lipase Catalytic Mechanism section. The determination of the structure and function of lipase was a gradual process.  Lipase activity was first demonstrated in the pancreas by Claude Bernard in 1846.  It wasn't until 1955 that Mattson and Beck demonstrated a high-specificity of pancreatic lipase for triglyceride primary esters <ref name= "History of Lipids">[http://www.cyberlipid.org/history/history1.htm] History of Lipids</ref>.  In recent years, determination of the crystal structure of pancreatic lipase has become the primary focus as many scientists have worked to further this.  See also [[Molecular Playground/Pancreatic Lipase]].
 == '''Structure''' ==