Sandbox Reserved 702: Difference between revisions
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
The edema factor is a '''[[calmodulin]]-dependent [[adenylate cyclase]]'''. [[Adenylate cyclase]] [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), (ADCY, EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.6.1.1 4.6.1.1])] increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentrations in eukaryotic cells. | The edema factor is a '''[[calmodulin]]-dependent [[adenylate cyclase]]'''. [[Adenylate cyclase]] [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), (ADCY, EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=4.6.1.1 4.6.1.1])] increases intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentrations in eukaryotic cells. | ||
In fact [[adenylyl cyclase]] catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into cAMP and pyrophosphate. The cellular level of cAMP increases, upsetting water homeostasis and causing disruption of signaling pathways.[[Image:CAMP synthesis.png|400px|thumb| | In fact [[adenylyl cyclase]] catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into cAMP and pyrophosphate. The cellular level of cAMP increases, upsetting water homeostasis and causing disruption of signaling pathways.[[Image:CAMP synthesis.png|400px|thumb|right]] | ||
EF is produced in an inactive form. When it is in the cell, EF [[Adenylyl cyclase]] activity is induced by complexation with [[calmodulin]], so it is allosterically activated. Its enzymatic activity leads to a dramatic elevation of the cAMP range. | EF is produced in an inactive form. When it is in the cell, EF [[Adenylyl cyclase]] activity is induced by complexation with [[calmodulin]], so it is allosterically activated. Its enzymatic activity leads to a dramatic elevation of the cAMP range. | ||
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*cyclic nucleotide gated channels | *cyclic nucleotide gated channels | ||
*guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras GTPase homologs Rap1 and Rap2. <ref>Fouet, A. 2009. The surface of Bacillus anthracis. Mol. Aspects Med. 30:374–385</ref> <ref>Moayeri, M., and S. H. Leppla. 2009. Cellular and systemic effects of anthrax lethal toxin and edema toxin. Mol. Aspects Med. 30:439–455</ref> | *guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras GTPase homologs Rap1 and Rap2. <ref>Fouet, A. 2009. The surface of Bacillus anthracis. Mol. Aspects Med. 30:374–385</ref> <ref>Moayeri, M., and S. H. Leppla. 2009. Cellular and systemic effects of anthrax lethal toxin and edema toxin. Mol. Aspects Med. 30:439–455</ref> | ||
==Anthrax toxin== | ==Anthrax toxin== | ||
