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{{STRUCTURE_5dfr|  PDB=5dfr  |  SCENE=  }}
==CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF UNLIGANDED ESCHERICHIA COLI DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE. LIGAND-INDUCED CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES AND COOPERATIVITY IN BINDING==
===CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF UNLIGANDED ESCHERICHIA COLI DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE. LIGAND-INDUCED CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES AND COOPERATIVITY IN BINDING===
<StructureSection load='5dfr' size='340' side='right' caption='[[5dfr]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_1998681}}
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5dfr]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli Escherichia coli]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5DFR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5DFR FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrofolate_reductase Dihydrofolate reductase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.5.1.3 1.5.1.3] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5dfr FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5dfr OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5dfr RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5dfr PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/df/5dfr_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The crystal structure of unliganded dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from Escherichia coli has been solved and refined to an R factor of 19% at 2.3-A resolution in a crystal form that is nonisomorphous with each of the previously reported E. coli DHFR crystal structures [Bolin, J. T., Filman, D. J., Matthews, D. A., Hamlin, B. C., &amp; Kraut, J. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 13650-13662; Bystroff, C., Oatley, S. J., &amp; Kraut, J. (1990) Biochemistry 29, 3263-3277]. Significant conformational changes occur between the apoenzyme and each of the complexes: the NADP+ holoenzyme, the folate-NADP+ ternary complex, and the methotrexate (MTX) binary complex. The changes are small, with the largest about 3 A and most of them less than 1 A. For simplicity a two-domain description is adopted in which one domain contains the NADP+ 2'-phosphate binding site and the binding sites for the rest of the coenzyme and for the substrate lie between the two domains. Binding of either NADP+ or MTX induces a closing of the PABG-binding cleft and realignment of alpha-helices C and F which bind the pyrophosphate of the coenzyme. Formation of the ternary complex from the holoenzyme does not involve further relative domain shifts but does involve a shift of alpha-helix B and a floppy loop (the Met-20 loop) that precedes alpha B. These observations suggest a mechanism for cooperativity in binding between substrate and coenzyme wherein the greatest degree of cooperativity is expressed in the transition-state complex. We explore the idea that the MTX binary complex in some ways resembles the transition-state complex.


==About this Structure==
Crystal structure of unliganded Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase. Ligand-induced conformational changes and cooperativity in binding.,Bystroff C, Kraut J Biochemistry. 1991 Feb 26;30(8):2227-39. PMID:1998681<ref>PMID:1998681</ref>
[[5dfr]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli Escherichia coli]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5DFR OCA].
 
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Dihydrofolate reductase|Dihydrofolate reductase]]
*[[Dihydrofolate reductase|Dihydrofolate reductase]]
*[[Molecular Playground/DHFR|Molecular Playground/DHFR]]
*[[Molecular Playground/DHFR|Molecular Playground/DHFR]]
 
== References ==
==Reference==
<references/>
<ref group="xtra">PMID:001998681</ref><references group="xtra"/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Dihydrofolate reductase]]
[[Category: Dihydrofolate reductase]]
[[Category: Escherichia coli]]
[[Category: Escherichia coli]]
[[Category: Bystroff, C.]]
[[Category: Bystroff, C]]
[[Category: Kraut, J.]]
[[Category: Kraut, J]]
[[Category: Oxido-reductase]]
[[Category: Oxido-reductase]]
[[Category: Oxidoreductase]]
[[Category: Oxidoreductase]]
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