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{{STRUCTURE_4glu| PDB=4glu | SCENE= }}
==Crystal structure of the mirror image form of VEGF-A==
===Crystal structure of the mirror image form of VEGF-A===
<StructureSection load='4glu' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4glu]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90&Aring;' scene=''>
{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_22927390}}
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4glu]] is a 6 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4GLU OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4GLU FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TFA:TRIFLUOROACETIC+ACID'>TFA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=DAR:D-ARGININE'>DAR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DAS:D-ASPARTIC+ACID'>DAS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DCY:D-CYSTEINE'>DCY</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DGL:D-GLUTAMIC+ACID'>DGL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DGN:D-GLUTAMINE'>DGN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DHI:D-HISTIDINE'>DHI</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DIL:D-ISOLEUCINE'>DIL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DLE:D-LEUCINE'>DLE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DLY:D-LYSINE'>DLY</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DPN:D-PHENYLALANINE'>DPN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DPR:D-PROLINE'>DPR</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DSG:D-ASPARAGINE'>DSG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DSN:D-SERINE'>DSN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DTH:D-THREONINE'>DTH</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DTY:D-TYROSINE'>DTY</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DVA:D-VALINE'>DVA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MED:D-METHIONINE'>MED</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[3qtk|3qtk]], [[4gls|4gls]], [[4gln|4gln]]</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4glu FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4glu OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4glu RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4glu PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Total chemical synthesis was used to prepare the mirror image (D-protein) form of the angiogenic protein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A). Phage display against D-VEGF-A was used to screen designed libraries based on a unique small protein scaffold in order to identify a high affinity ligand. Chemically synthesized D- and L- forms of the protein ligand showed reciprocal chiral specificity in surface plasmon resonance binding experiments: The L-protein ligand bound only to D-VEGF-A, whereas the D-protein ligand bound only to L-VEGF-A. The D-protein ligand, but not the L-protein ligand, inhibited the binding of natural VEGF(165) to the VEGFR1 receptor. Racemic protein crystallography was used to determine the high resolution X-ray structure of the heterochiral complex consisting of {D-protein antagonist + L-protein form of VEGF-A}. Crystallization of a racemic mixture of these synthetic proteins in appropriate stoichiometry gave a racemic protein complex of more than 73 kDa containing six synthetic protein molecules. The structure of the complex was determined to a resolution of 1.6 A. Detailed analysis of the interaction between the D-protein antagonist and the VEGF-A protein molecule showed that the binding interface comprised a contact surface area of approximately 800 A(2) in accord with our design objectives, and that the D-protein antagonist binds to the same region of VEGF-A that interacts with VEGFR1-domain 2.


==About this Structure==
Chemical synthesis and X-ray structure of a heterochiral {D-protein antagonist plus vascular endothelial growth factor} protein complex by racemic crystallography.,Mandal K, Uppalapati M, Ault-Riche D, Kenney J, Lowitz J, Sidhu SS, Kent SB Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Sep 11;109(37):14779-84. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1210483109. Epub 2012 Aug 27. PMID:22927390<ref>PMID:22927390</ref>
[[4glu]] is a 6 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4GLU OCA].  
 
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Amino Acids|Amino Acids]]
*[[Amino Acids|Amino Acids]]
*[[Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor]]
*[[Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor]]
 
== References ==
==Reference==
<references/>
<ref group="xtra">PMID:022927390</ref><references group="xtra"/><references/>
__TOC__
[[Category: Ault-Riche, D.]]
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Kenney, J.]]
[[Category: Ault-Riche, D]]
[[Category: Kent, S B.H.]]
[[Category: Kenney, J]]
[[Category: Lowitz, J.]]
[[Category: Kent, S B.H]]
[[Category: Mandal, K.]]
[[Category: Lowitz, J]]
[[Category: Sidhu, S.]]
[[Category: Mandal, K]]
[[Category: Uppalapati, M.]]
[[Category: Sidhu, S]]
[[Category: Uppalapati, M]]
[[Category: Covalent dimer]]
[[Category: Covalent dimer]]
[[Category: Cysteine knot protein]]
[[Category: Cysteine knot protein]]
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