Introduction to Evolutionary Conservation: Difference between revisions
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Evolutionary conservation in proteins is identified by aligning the amino acid sequences of proteins with the same function from different taxa (orthologs). As an example, we'll use the glycolytic enzyme '''enolase''', present in a wide range of taxa. Take a quick look to get an impression of a [[Enolase multiple sequence alignment|multiple sequence alignment for ~400 amino acids in enolase]] for taxa ranging from eubacteria and archaebacteria through yeast, insects, and humans. In the full [[Enolase multiple sequence alignment|multiple sequence alignment]] is one <span style="background:pink;"> segment highlighted in pink </span>. This segment is enlarged below. | Evolutionary conservation in proteins is identified by aligning the amino acid sequences of proteins with the same function from different taxa (orthologs). As an example, we'll use the glycolytic enzyme '''enolase''', present in a wide range of taxa. Take a quick look to get an impression of a [[Enolase multiple sequence alignment|multiple sequence alignment for ~400 amino acids in enolase]] for taxa ranging from eubacteria and archaebacteria through yeast, insects, and humans. In the full [[Enolase multiple sequence alignment|multiple sequence alignment]] is one <span style="background:pink;"> segment highlighted in pink </span>. This segment is enlarged below. | ||
[[Image:Msa3d 4enl bw.gif|400 px]]<br> | [[Image:Msa3d 4enl bw.gif|400 px]]<br> | ||
[[Image:Msa3d bw key.gif|400 px]] | [[Image:Msa3d bw key.gif|400 px]] | ||
By comparing the amino acids in each column, you will find that some positions are 100% identical (conserved) between taxa. These amino acids are in '''BOLD UPPER CASE''' and indicated by an asterisk (*) at the bottom of the column. | By comparing the amino acids in each column, you will find that some positions are 100% identical (conserved) between taxa. These amino acids are in '''BOLD UPPER CASE''' and indicated by an asterisk (*) at the bottom of the column. | ||
