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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==


All living organisms depend on P-type ATPase to pump cation across the membrane. P type ATPase are distinct from other ATPases beecause there is an autophosphorylation step in the catalytic cycle. They play a fundamental role in organisms metabolism and physiology. Ca2+ ATPase is one type of P-type ATPase which transport calcium ions across the membrane against a concentration gradient. These pumps clear cytoplasm of the second messenger, the calcium. It's very important to keep a low concentration of calcium in the cell for a good cell signaling. The hydrolysis of ATP is necessary for the pump's functioning. For each ATP hydrolysed, it transfers two calcium ions through the membrane, and two or three hydrogen ions in the opposite direction.
All living organisms depend on P-type ATPase to pump cation across the membrane. P type ATPase are distinct from other ATPases because there is an autophosphorylation step in the catalytic cycle. They play a fundamental role in organisms metabolism and physiology. Ca2+ ATPase is one type of P-type ATPase which transport calcium ions across the membrane against a concentration gradient. These pumps clear cytoplasm of the second messenger, the calcium. It's very important to keep a low concentration of calcium in the cell for a good cell signaling. The hydrolysis of ATP is necessary for the pump's functioning. For each ATP hydrolysed, it transfers two calcium ions through the membrane, and two or three hydrogen ions in the opposite direction.