Sandbox Reserved 1068: Difference between revisions
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== Disease == | == Disease == | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis] is the causative agent of [http://www.cdc.gov/tb/ Tuberculosis] (TB), an infectious disease that affects one-third of the worlds population<ref>Tuberculosis (TB). Ed. Sam Posner. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015.</ref>. Two TB-related conditions exist: latent TB infection and active TB disease<ref>Tuberculosis (TB). Ed. Sam Posner. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015.</ref>. Currently, there are four regimens that are approved for the treatment of latent TB infection through the use of the antibiotics isoniazid, rifampin, and rifapentine<ref | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis] is the causative agent of [http://www.cdc.gov/tb/ Tuberculosis] (TB), an infectious disease that affects one-third of the worlds population<ref name="CDC">Tuberculosis (TB). Ed. Sam Posner. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015.</ref>. Two TB-related conditions exist: latent TB infection and active TB disease<ref>Tuberculosis (TB). Ed. Sam Posner. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015.</ref>. Currently, there are four regimens that are approved for the treatment of latent TB infection through the use of the antibiotics isoniazid, rifampin, and rifapentine<ref name="CDC"/>.TB disease can also be treated through various antibiotic regimens<ref name="CDC"/>. There are 10 drugs currently approved by the FDA for treating TB disease<ref name="CDC"/>. The first-line anti-TB agents are the antibiotics isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide <ref name="CDC"/>. Although various treatments for TB infection and TB disease exist, the emergence of [http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/drtb/mdrtb.htm multi-drug] and [http://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/drtb/xdrtb.htm extensively-drug] resistant strains of ''M. tuberculosis'' has increased the need for anti-tubercular agents with novel modes of action <ref name="2a"/><ref name="5a"/><ref name="8a"/><ref name="CDC"/>. | ||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron#Biological_role Iron] is essential for mycobacterial growth and pathogenesis, therefore the pathways for iron acquisition are potential targets for antibacterial therapies<ref name="1a"/>.''M. tuberculosis'' obtains iron through two different pathways: chelating iron from the host through the siderophore mycobactin and the degradation of heme released from damaged red blood cells<ref name="1a"/>. MbtI catalyses the first committed step in the biosynthesis of the siderophore mycobactin and is a potential target for inhibition (Figure 10)<ref name="1a"/>. The salicylate synthase activity of MbtI produces salicylate and pyruvate from chorismate through an isochorismate intermediate<ref name="1a"/>. Inhibition of MbtI activity would decrease the production of salicylate and therefore the synthesis of mycobactin; leading to a decrease in iron acquisition and pathogenesis of ''M. tuberculosis''<ref name= "7a"/><ref name="1a"/><ref name="5a"/>. | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron#Biological_role Iron] is essential for mycobacterial growth and pathogenesis, therefore the pathways for iron acquisition are potential targets for antibacterial therapies<ref name="1a"/>.''M. tuberculosis'' obtains iron through two different pathways: chelating iron from the host through the siderophore mycobactin and the degradation of heme released from damaged red blood cells<ref name="1a"/>. MbtI catalyses the first committed step in the biosynthesis of the siderophore mycobactin and is a potential target for inhibition (Figure 10)<ref name="1a"/>. The salicylate synthase activity of MbtI produces salicylate and pyruvate from chorismate through an isochorismate intermediate<ref name="1a"/>. Inhibition of MbtI activity would decrease the production of salicylate and therefore the synthesis of mycobactin; leading to a decrease in iron acquisition and pathogenesis of ''M. tuberculosis''<ref name= "7a"/><ref name="1a"/><ref name="5a"/>. | ||
