Sandbox Reserved 1120: Difference between revisions

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In 1905, Nettie Stevens discovered the "Y chromosome" (and the female XX and male XY patterns) while she was counting the chromosomes of beetles under the microscope<ref>Sumner, A. T. Sex Chromosomes and Sex Determination. Chromosomes: Organization and Function, 97-108. [http://www.nature.com/scitable/nated/topicpage/Sex-Chromosomes-and-Sex-Determination-44565]</ref>.
In 1905, Nettie Stevens discovered the "Y chromosome" (and the female XX and male XY patterns) while she was counting the chromosomes of beetles under the microscope<ref>Sumner, A. T. Sex Chromosomes and Sex Determination. Chromosomes: Organization and Function, 97-108. [http://www.nature.com/scitable/nated/topicpage/Sex-Chromosomes-and-Sex-Determination-44565]</ref>.
During the next decades, a few theories were in competition. In 1921, Calvin Bridges's works on ''Drosophila melanogaster'' seemed to reveal that male characters acquisition is due to a genic balance between the genes contained in the X chromosome and those contained in the autosomes<ref>PMID: 17769897</ref>.
During the next decades, a few theories were in competition. In 1921, Calvin Bridges's works on ''Drosophila melanogaster'' seemed to reveal that male characters acquisition is due to a genic balance between the genes contained in the X chromosome and those contained in the autosomes<ref>PMID: 17769897</ref>.
In 1930, Ronald Fisher introduced the first Y-based control of sex theory by proposing two different models : either all the genes responsible for the male characters are located on the Y chromosome or there is a Y-located gene which regulates the expression of genes elsewhere in the genome<ref>PMID: 3046910</ref>.
In 1930, Ronald Fisher introduced the first Y-based control of sex theory by proposing two different models : either all the genes responsible for the male characters are located on the Y chromosome or there is a Y-located gene which regulates the expression of genes elsewhere in the genome<ref name="Goodfellow">PMID: 3046910</ref>.
As Alfred Jost had shown the testosterone produced by the testis is responsible for the entire male phenotype acquisition<ref>PMID: 4805859</ref>, Peter Neville Goodfellow proposed in 1988, that there is a gene (''TDF'' in human, ''Tdy'' in mice)  on the Y chromosome which drives the development of the testis<ref>PMID: 3046910</ref>. In 1990, Goodfellow's hypothesis was validated with the discovery of ''Tdy'''s localisation. This gene's product (expressed during the male gonadal development) owns an amino-acid motif which shows homology to other known or putative DNA-binding domains. ''Tdy'' is therefore a transcriptional factor<ref>PMID: 2374589</ref>. The same year, the human ''SRY'' gene (accepted later as the ''TDF'') was discovered<ref>PMID: 1695712</ref>.  
As Alfred Jost had shown the testosterone produced by the testis is responsible for the entire male phenotype acquisition<ref>PMID: 4805859</ref>, Peter Neville Goodfellow proposed in 1988, that there is a gene (''TDF'' in human, ''Tdy'' in mice)  on the Y chromosome which drives the development of the testis<ref name="Goodfellow" />. In 1990, Goodfellow's hypothesis was validated with the discovery of ''Tdy'''s localisation. This gene's product (expressed during the male gonadal development) owns an amino-acid motif which shows homology to other known or putative DNA-binding domains. ''Tdy'' is therefore a transcriptional factor<ref>PMID: 2374589</ref>. The same year, the human ''SRY'' gene (accepted later as the ''TDF'') was discovered<ref>PMID: 1695712</ref>.  
Three dimensional structure of the SRY protein was determined in 1995 using NMR spectroscopy<ref>PMID:7774012</ref>.
Three dimensional structure of the SRY protein was determined in 1995 using NMR spectroscopy<ref>PMID:7774012</ref>.


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