1ns4

Crystal structure of galactose mutarotase from Lactococcus lactis mutant E304Q complexed with glucose

spinqualitylabelsall models 1ns4, resolution 1.85Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 1ns4 is a 2 chain structure with sequence from "bacterium_lactis"_lister_1873 "bacterium lactis" lister 1873. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: BGC, NA Related: 1ns0, 1ns2, 1ns7, 1ns8, 1nsm, 1nsr, 1nss, 1nsu, 1nsv, 1nsx, 1nsz Activity: Aldose 1-epimerase, with EC number 5.1.3.3 Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMed Galactose mutarotase catalyzes the first step in normal galactose metabolism by catalyzing the conversion of beta-D-galactose to alpha-D-galactose. The structure of the enzyme from Lactococcus lactis was recently solved in this laboratory and shown to be topologically similar to domain 5 of beta-galactosidase. From this initial X-ray analysis, four amino acid residues were demonstrated to be intimately involved in sugar binding to the protein: His 96, His 170, Asp 243, and Glu 304. Here we present a combined X-ray crystallographic and kinetic analysis designed to examine the role of these residues in the reaction mechanism of the enzyme. For this investigation, the following site-directed mutant proteins were prepared: H96N, H170N, D243N, D243A, E304Q, and E304A. All of the structures of these proteins, complexed with either glucose or galactose, were solved to a nominal resolution of 1.95 A or better, and their kinetic parameters were measured against D-galactose, D-glucose, L-arabinose, or D-xylose. From these studies, it can be concluded that Glu 304 and His 170 are critical for catalysis and that His 96 and Asp 243 are important for proper substrate positioning within the active site. Specifically, Glu 304 serves as the active site base to initiate the reaction by removing the proton from the C-1 hydroxyl group of the sugar substrate and His 170 functions as the active site acid to protonate the C-5 ring oxygen. The catalytic mechanism of galactose mutarotase.,Thoden JB, Kim J, Raushel FM, Holden HM Protein Sci. 2003 May;12(5):1051-9. PMID:12717027 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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