Sandbox Reserved 425: Difference between revisions

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==Additional Features==

Ponatinib is an orally ingested tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has ~~shown promising~~ avenues of treatment for counteracting the effects of angiogenesis in tumor growth. Besides the inhibition of FGFRs, this agent inhibits tyrosine kinases involved in vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Ponatinib is considered a third generation TKI that can treat even the most drug-therapy resistant mutations that previous TKIs were incapable of treating<ref name="eight">PMID: 23986642</ref>.

Ponatinib is an orally ingested tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has revealed successful avenues of treatment for counteracting the effects of angiogenesis in tumor growth. Besides the inhibition of FGFRs, this agent inhibits tyrosine kinases involved in vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Ponatinib is considered a third generation TKI that can treat even the most drug-therapy resistant mutations that previous TKIs were incapable of treating<ref name="eight">PMID: 23986642</ref>.

The brand name for ponatinib is Iclusig. Iclusig received an accelerated approval grant through the Food and Drug Administration. It was mainly prescribed to patients suffering from ~~CML~~ or ~~ALL~~ who did not make any progress with the first and second generation TKIs. However, the clinical trials data ~~revealed~~ a spike in adverse effects. These consequences include heart failure, stroke, coronary artery disease, loss of blood flow to body parts leading to amputation amongst other narrowing of blood vessels<ref>FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA investigating leukemia drug Iclusig (ponatinib) after increased reports of serious blood clots in arteries and veins; Drug Safety and Availability; United States Food and Drug Administration (2013). Web. [http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm370945.htm]</ref>.

The brand name for ponatinib is Iclusig. Iclusig received an accelerated approval grant through the Food and Drug Administration. It was mainly prescribed to patients suffering from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia or Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia who did not make any progress with the first and second generation TKIs. However, the clinical trials data displayed a spike in adverse effects. These consequences include heart failure, stroke, coronary artery disease, loss of blood flow to body parts leading to amputation amongst other narrowing of blood vessels<ref>FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA investigating leukemia drug Iclusig (ponatinib) after increased reports of serious blood clots in arteries and veins; Drug Safety and Availability; United States Food and Drug Administration (2013). Web. [http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm370945.htm]</ref>.

FGFR-4 is abundantly present in human prostate cancer observed in vitro and mouse ~~models~~<ref name="nine">PMID: 22573348</ref>. A variant of FGFR-4 with (Arg(388)) replacing (Gly(388)) is associated with increased human prostate cancer. This causes increased receptor stability and activation<ref name="ten">PMID:18670643</ref>

FGFR-4 is abundantly present in human prostate cancer observed in vitro and in mouse model simulations<ref name="nine">PMID: 22573348</ref>. A variant of FGFR-4 with (Arg(388)) replacing (Gly(388)) is associated with increased human prostate cancer. This causes increased receptor stability and activation<ref name="ten">PMID:18670643</ref>. A study revealed that the inhibition of FGFR-4 signaling completely curtailed prostate cancer cell lines that were responsible for tumor growth<ref name="nine">PMID: 22573348</ref>. Due to the significant results of diminished cell growth in treated tumors, targeting fibroblast growth factor signaling appears to provide a promising step towards combating aggressive prostate cancer.

Sandbox Reserved 425: Difference between revisions

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@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 ==Additional Features==
-Ponatinib is an orally ingested tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has shown promising avenues of treatment for counteracting the effects of angiogenesis in tumor growth. Besides the inhibition of FGFRs, this agent inhibits tyrosine kinases involved in vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Ponatinib is considered a third generation TKI that can treat even the most drug-therapy resistant mutations that previous TKIs were incapable of treating<ref name="eight">PMID: 23986642</ref>.
+Ponatinib is an orally ingested tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has revealed successful avenues of treatment for counteracting the effects of angiogenesis in tumor growth. Besides the inhibition of FGFRs, this agent inhibits tyrosine kinases involved in vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Ponatinib is considered a third generation TKI that can treat even the most drug-therapy resistant mutations that previous TKIs were incapable of treating<ref name="eight">PMID: 23986642</ref>.
-The brand name for ponatinib is Iclusig. Iclusig received an accelerated approval grant through the Food and Drug Administration. It was mainly prescribed to patients suffering from CML or ALL who did not make any progress with the first and second generation TKIs. However, the clinical trials data revealed a spike in adverse effects. These consequences include heart failure, stroke, coronary artery disease, loss of blood flow to body parts leading to amputation amongst other narrowing of blood vessels<ref>FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA investigating leukemia drug Iclusig (ponatinib) after increased reports of serious blood clots in arteries and veins; Drug Safety and Availability; United States Food and Drug Administration (2013). Web. [http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm370945.htm]</ref>.
+The brand name for ponatinib is Iclusig. Iclusig received an accelerated approval grant through the Food and Drug Administration. It was mainly prescribed to patients suffering from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia or Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia who did not make any progress with the first and second generation TKIs. However, the clinical trials data displayed a spike in adverse effects. These consequences include heart failure, stroke, coronary artery disease, loss of blood flow to body parts leading to amputation amongst other narrowing of blood vessels<ref>FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA investigating leukemia drug Iclusig (ponatinib) after increased reports of serious blood clots in arteries and veins; Drug Safety and Availability; United States Food and Drug Administration (2013). Web. [http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm370945.htm]</ref>.
-FGFR-4 is abundantly present in human prostate cancer observed in vitro and mouse models<ref name="nine">PMID: 22573348</ref>. A variant of FGFR-4 with (Arg(388)) replacing (Gly(388)) is associated with increased human prostate cancer. This causes increased receptor stability and activation<ref name="ten">PMID:18670643</ref>
+FGFR-4 is abundantly present in human prostate cancer observed in vitro and in mouse model simulations<ref name="nine">PMID: 22573348</ref>. A variant of FGFR-4 with (Arg(388)) replacing (Gly(388)) is associated with increased human prostate cancer. This causes increased receptor stability and activation<ref name="ten">PMID:18670643</ref>. A study revealed that the inhibition of FGFR-4 signaling completely curtailed prostate cancer cell lines that were responsible for tumor growth<ref name="nine">PMID: 22573348</ref>. Due to the significant results of diminished cell growth in treated tumors, targeting fibroblast growth factor signaling appears to provide a promising step towards combating aggressive prostate cancer.