Sandbox Reserved 429: Difference between revisions
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Antibiotics resistance is the property of bacteria that have receive relatively low effectiveness by antibiotic. With the overproduction and overusing of antibiotics, more bacteria have low resistance to antibiotic are killed than the bacteria have high resistance. Under the evolutionary pressure, the remaining group of bacteria have relatively high resistance which means that the normal antibiotics have less effectiveness or do not have effectiveness anymore. As penicillin-binding proteins playing an important role at bacteria’s cell synthesis and β-lactams antibiotics inhibiting bacterial division by binding penicillin-binding proteins, antibiotics resistance also emerges to the penicillin-binding proteins and makes penicillin-binding proteins have low affinity for penicillins. | Antibiotics resistance is the property of bacteria that have receive relatively low effectiveness by antibiotic. With the overproduction and overusing of antibiotics, more bacteria have low resistance to antibiotic are killed than the bacteria have high resistance. Under the evolutionary pressure, the remaining group of bacteria have relatively high resistance which means that the normal antibiotics have less effectiveness or do not have effectiveness anymore. As penicillin-binding proteins playing an important role at bacteria’s cell synthesis and β-lactams antibiotics inhibiting bacterial division by binding penicillin-binding proteins, antibiotics resistance also emerges to the penicillin-binding proteins and makes penicillin-binding proteins have low affinity for penicillins. | ||
Normally, the bacteria produce the penicillin binding proteins with low penicillin-affinity<scene name='48/483886/Conserved_residues_of_pbp/2'>low affinity</scene> by transformation, which is a kind of gene modification. Through this way, bacteria could have a relatively higher resistance to β-lactams antibiotics. But staphylococcus is a special case, it strengthens the drug resistance by two ways instead of gene exchange. By the raised dissociation constants for the non-covalent pre-acylation and the dropped penicillin-sensitive microscopic rate constant for acylation, staphylococcus enhance its own drug resistance.<ref>PMID:15226303</ref> | Normally, the bacteria produce the penicillin binding proteins with low penicillin-affinity <scene name='48/483886/Conserved_residues_of_pbp/2'>low affinity</scene> by transformation, which is a kind of gene modification. Through this way, bacteria could have a relatively higher resistance to β-lactams antibiotics. But staphylococcus is a special case, it strengthens the drug resistance by two ways instead of gene exchange. By the raised dissociation constants for the non-covalent pre-acylation and the dropped penicillin-sensitive microscopic rate constant for acylation, staphylococcus enhance its own drug resistance.<ref>PMID:15226303</ref> | ||
And the solution to the penicillin binding proteins drug resistance could be semi-synthetic β-lactams. The mechanism is that semi-synthetic β-lactams have the alternative side chain compared to the normal penicillins and it will make penicillin binding proteins have the higher affinity to it and as a result the increasing drug resistance will be solved.<ref>PMID:3082839</ref> | And the solution to the penicillin binding proteins drug resistance could be semi-synthetic β-lactams. The mechanism is that semi-synthetic β-lactams have the alternative side chain compared to the normal penicillins and it will make penicillin binding proteins have the higher affinity to it and as a result the increasing drug resistance will be solved.<ref>PMID:3082839</ref> | ||
