Sandbox HEC: Difference between revisions
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Acatalasemia can be correlated with ulcers and gangrene. When this occurs, the condition is known as Takahara disease. Ulcers and gangrene can result from high levels of hydrogen peroxide that is normally produced from bacteria. Mutations in the human erythrocyte catalase gene tend to reduce the activity of human erythrocyte catalase <ref name="Góth">PMID:24025477</ref> to less than 10% of its normal activity, thus reducing the enzymes ability to degrade hydrogen peroxide and causing it to build-up. This build-up in turn causes ulcers and gangrene. | Acatalasemia can be correlated with ulcers and gangrene. When this occurs, the condition is known as Takahara disease. Ulcers and gangrene can result from high levels of hydrogen peroxide that is normally produced from bacteria. Mutations in the human erythrocyte catalase gene tend to reduce the activity of human erythrocyte catalase <ref name="Góth">PMID:24025477</ref> to less than 10% of its normal activity, thus reducing the enzymes ability to degrade hydrogen peroxide and causing it to build-up. This build-up in turn causes ulcers and gangrene. | ||
A similar condition to acatalasemia is hypocatalasemia, in which | A similar condition to acatalasemia is hypocatalasemia, in which an individual is heterozygous at the mutated catalase gene instead of homozygous. This mutation cuts the activity of human erythrocyte catalase by half. Similar to acatalasemia, this condition normally doesn’t cause health issues <ref name="Góth,Eaton">PMID:11117918</ref>. | ||
Acatalasemia is also associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the most common form of diabetes. The build-up of hydrogen peroxide from the decrease in human erythrocyte catalase activity can damage beta cells in the pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin, which helps the body regulate your blood sugar levels. However, the damaged beta cells cannot utilize the insulin as well as normal beta cells, which leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus. These defective beta cells are thought to be why people with acatalasemia have an increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. A larger percentage of people with diabetes have acatalasemia than those without. Those with acatalasemia also tend to develop diabetes at an earlier age <ref name="Góth" />. | Acatalasemia is also associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the most common form of diabetes. The build-up of hydrogen peroxide from the decrease in human erythrocyte catalase activity can damage beta cells in the pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin, which helps the body regulate your blood sugar levels. However, the damaged beta cells cannot utilize the insulin as well as normal beta cells, which leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus. These defective beta cells are thought to be why people with acatalasemia have an increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. A larger percentage of people with diabetes have acatalasemia than those without. Those with acatalasemia also tend to develop diabetes at an earlier age <ref name="Góth" />. | ||
