Tutorial:How do we get the oxygen we breathe: Difference between revisions
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Hemoglobin captures oxygen and transports it through the bloodstream by binding oxygen to each of its <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Four_hemes/3'>four heme groups</scene>. These <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/One_heome/2'>heme groups</scene> are prosthetic groups; they are non-protein chemical compounds that are associated with hemoglobin and are necessary for its function. Each heme is <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Heme_composition/1'>ring molecule made up of</scene> {{Template:ColorKey_Element_C}}arbon, {{Template:ColorKey_Element_N}}itrogen, {{Template:ColorKey_Element_O}}xygen and hydrogen, with a single <font color="#E06633">'''Fe<sup>2+</sup>'''</font> (iron) ion at its center, coordinated by the four surrounding nitrogens. Each heme is roughly <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Planar_heme/1'>planar</scene>, and is held in place within the monomer by a hydrophobic interactions and a covalent bond between the iron ion and a nitrogen atom in the side chain of what is termed the <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Proximal_histidine/1'>proximal histidine</scene>. Another histidine, termed the <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Distal_histidine/2'>distal histidine</scene>, helps in oxygen binding by preventing oxidation of the iron atom (which would prevent oxygen from binding) and by preventing other molecules from binding. | Hemoglobin captures oxygen and transports it through the bloodstream by binding oxygen to each of its <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Four_hemes/3'>four heme groups</scene>. These <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/One_heome/2'>heme groups</scene> are prosthetic groups; they are non-protein chemical compounds that are associated with hemoglobin and are necessary for its function. Each heme is <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Heme_composition/1'>ring molecule made up of</scene> {{Template:ColorKey_Element_C}}arbon, {{Template:ColorKey_Element_N}}itrogen, {{Template:ColorKey_Element_O}}xygen and hydrogen, with a single <font color="#E06633">'''Fe<sup>2+</sup>'''</font> (iron) ion at its center, coordinated by the four surrounding nitrogens. Each heme is roughly <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Planar_heme/1'>planar</scene>, and is held in place within the monomer by a hydrophobic interactions and a covalent bond between the iron ion and a nitrogen atom in the side chain of what is termed the <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Proximal_histidine/1'>proximal histidine</scene>. Another histidine, termed the <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Distal_histidine/2'>distal histidine</scene>, helps in oxygen binding by preventing oxidation of the iron atom (which would prevent oxygen from binding) and by preventing other molecules from binding. | ||
When oxygen is abundant, an <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Heme/1'>oxygen molecule binds to the iron</scene> in the heme group (Molecular oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) is represented by two <font color="#E06633">red spheres | When oxygen is abundant, an <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Heme/1'>oxygen molecule binds to the iron</scene> in the heme group (Molecular oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) is represented by two <font color="#E06633">'''red spheres'''</font color>). (''THINK'': Are there other changes besides the oxygen binding to the iron ion? Why might there be other changes?) We can watch oxygen binding in the <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Heme/2'>context of an entire monomer</scene> (colored in rainbow colors from the N terminus of the monomer to its C terminus) or in a <scene name='User:Jaime_Prilusky/How_do_we_get_the_oxygen_we_breathe/Heme/1'>close-up view</scene> of the heme group. | ||
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