6b5g

ALDH1A2 liganded with NAD and (3-ethoxythiophen-2-yl){4-[4-nitro-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl]piperazin-1-yl}methanone (compound 6-118)

spinqualitylabelsall models 6b5g, resolution 2.20Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 6b5g is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: CQY, NAD Related: 6alj, 6b5h, 6b5i Gene: ALDH1A2, RALDH2 (HUMAN) Activity: Retinal dehydrogenase, with EC number 1.2.1.36 Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Function [AL1A2_HUMAN] Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Does metabolize octanal and decanal but does not metabolize citral, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal efficiently (By similarity). Publication Abstract from PubMed Enzymes of the ALDH1A subfamily of aldehyde dehydrogenases are crucial in regulating retinoic acid (RA) signaling and have received attention as potential drug targets. ALDH1A2 is the primary RA-synthesizing enzyme in mammalian spermatogenesis and is therefore considered a viable drug target for male contraceptive development. However, only a small number of ALDH1A2 inhibitors have been reported, and information on the structure of ALDH1A2 was limited to the NAD-liganded enzyme void of substrate or inhibitors. Herein, we describe the mechanism of action of structurally unrelated reversible and irreversible inhibitors of human ALDH1A2 using direct binding studies and X-ray crystallography. All inhibitors bind to the active sites of tetrameric ALDH1A2. Compound WIN18,446 covalently reacts with the side chain of the catalytic residue Cys320, resulting in a chiral adduct in (R) configuration. The covalent adduct directly affects the neighboring NAD molecule, which assumes a contracted conformation suboptimal for the dehydrogenase reaction. The reversible inhibitors interact predominantly through direct hydrogen bonding interactions with residues in the vicinity of Cys320 without affecting NAD. Upon interaction with inhibitors, a large flexible loop assumes regular structure, thereby shielding the active site from solvent. The precise knowledge of the binding modes provides a new framework for the rational design of novel inhibitors of ALDH1A2 with improved potency and selectivity profiles. Structural Basis of ALDH1A2 Inhibition by Irreversible and Reversible Small Molecule Inhibitors.,Chen Y, Zhu JY, Hong KH, Mikles DC, Georg GI, Goldstein AS, Amory JK, Schonbrunn E ACS Chem Biol. 2018 Jan 3. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00685. PMID:29240402 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See Also Aldehyde dehydrogenase

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