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ISSN 2310-6301 As life is more than 2D, Proteopedia helps to bridge the 3D relationships between function & structure of biomacromolecules
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Bacteria float with nano-balloons. ST Huber, D Terwiel, WH Evers, D Maresca, AJ Jakobi. Preprint 2022 doi: 10.1101/2022.05.08.489936 Many kinds of bacteria and archaea control their buoyancy to move to optimal positions in liquid environments. They do this by making nano-compartments called "gas vesicles", long "pipes" with closed ends filled with gases. In 2022, gas vesicle structure was solved, revealing self-assembling thin-walled cylinders of remarkable strength with gas-permeable pores and water-repelling (hydrophobic) interiors. Building on this structural knowledge, gas vesicles are being engineered to serve as biosensors that report via ultrasound. >>> Visit I3DC Interactive Visualizations >>>	Opening a Gate to Human Health by Alice Clark (PDBe) In the 1970s, an exciting discovery of a family of medicines was made by the Japanese scientist Satoshi Ōmura. One of these molecules, ivermectin, is shown in this artwork bound in the ligand binding pocket of the Farnesoid X receptor, a protein which helps regulate cholesterol in humans. This structure showed that ivermectin induced transcriptional activity of FXR and could be used to regulate metabolism. >>> Visit this page >>>	Geobacter nanowire structure surprise. F Wang, Y Gu, JP O'Brien, SM Yi, SE Yalcin, V Srikanth, C Shen, D Vu, NL Ing, AI Hochbaum, EH Egelman, NS Malvankar. Cell 2019 doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.029 Bacteria living in anaerobic environments (no oxygen) need alternative electron acceptors in order to get energy from their food. An acceptor abundant in the earth's crust is red iron oxide ("rust"), which gets reduced to black iron oxide (magnetite). Many bacteria, such as Geobacter, get their metabolic energy by transferring electrons to acceptors that are multiple cell diameters distant, using protein nanowires. These were long thought to be pili. But when the structure of the nanowires was solved in 2019, to everyone's surprise, they turned out to be unprecedented linear polymers of multi-heme cytochromes. The hemes form an electrically conductive chain in the cores of these nanowires. >>> Visit I3DC Interactive Visualizations >>>	Tutorial: How do we get the oxygen we breathe J Prilusky, E Hodis doi: 10.14576/431679.1869588 This tutorial is designed for high school and beginning college students. When we breathe oxygen from the air is taken up by blood in our lungs and soon delivered to each of the cells in our body through our circulatory system. Among other uses, our cells use oxygen as the final electron acceptor in a process called aerobic respiration – a process that converts the energy in food and nutrients into a form of energy that the cell can readily use (molecules of ATP, adenosine triphosphate). >>> Visit this tutorial >>>
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Jaime Prilusky, Joel L. Sussman, Angel Herraez