Elongation factor

spinqualitylabelsall models Structure of EF-Tu (cyan and magenta) with EF-Ts (green and yellow) (PDB entry 1efu) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D _FORCETOC_ Function Elongation factors (EF) facilitate translational elongation during the formation of peptide bonds in the ribosome. EF-selB is selenocysteine-specific EF. See SelB EF-Tu or EF 1-α (elongation factor thermo unstable) is a prokaryotic EF. EF-Tu contributes to translational accuracy. It catalyzes the addition of aminoacyl tRNA. EF-Ts or EF 1-β (elongation factor thermo stable) catalyzes the release of GDP from EF-Tu. EF-G translocates the peptidyl tRNA from the A site to the P site while moving the mRNA through the ribosome. EF-SII helps RNA polymerase II to bypass blocks to elongation. EF-ELL2 enhances polyadenylation and exon skipping with the gene encoding the immunoglobulin heavy-chain complex. EF-GreA or GreB are cleavage factors allowing the resumption of elongation. EF-NusA recruits translesion DNA polymerases to gaps encountered during translation. EF-P alters the ribosome affinity to aminoacyl-tRNA. EF-1 γ acts during the delivery of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome. EF-2 promotes the translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A site to the P site on the ribosome. EF-3 is a unique EF in fungi hence it provides an anti-fungal drug target. See HEAT Repeat EF Spt4, Spt5, Spt6 are conserved among eukaryotes. They modulate the chromatin structure. EF-CA150 is believed to play a role in coupling transcription and splicing. Elongin complex or SIII activates elongation by RNA polymerase II by suppressing transient pausing of the enzyme. The complex is composed of elongin A, B and C. Elongin A (EloA) is the active component of the complex. Elongin B and C (EloBC) are the regulatory subunits of it. Von Hippel-Landau tumor suppressor protein (VHL) binds to EloBC and inhibits transcriptional elongation. Complex EF-Tu with EF-Ts is heterotetramer, or, more exactly heterodimer of homodimers (PDB entry 1efu). 3D structures of elongation factor Elongation factor 3D structures

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