Sandbox Reserved 1092: Difference between revisions

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Myostatin <ref name="edumont">Université de Montpellier. Physiologie et médecien fondamentale du coeur et des muscles : myostatine. [https://u1046.edu.umontpellier.fr/163-2/abrege-des-proteines-musculaires/myostatine/]</ref> is a protein that has a control over muscle development: it is a negative regulator of squeletics muscles. It has a very important role during the development of the animals but also during its whole life. It is a very important protein that is very conserved from zebra fish to humans <ref name="patho">PMID:19412331</ref> and so it has to be very well regulated. Indeed, there are many ways that regulates the action of this protein and at many scales.

It is a grown factor<ref name="patho"/> that is implicated into muscle development in mammals. Myostatin can transmit a message to the nucleus that will promote a gene that lead to the production of ubiquitin. Ubiquitin is a signal of degradation so muscle cells will be destroyed. Indeed, it reduce the mass of the muscle but it also reduces the quantity of [[Myosin]] <ref>Jeffrey L. Corden,David Tollervey. Cell Biology, Chapter 36 Motor Proteins.2017 [https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-34126-4.00036-0 DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-34126-4.00036-0] </ref> which is very important for the cohesion of muscles and for movement. Indeed ~~myosin~~ forms filament, and when ~~myosin~~ filaments associate with ~~actin~~ and consume ATP it ~~produce~~ muscle movement.

It is a grown factor<ref name="patho"/> that is implicated into muscle development in mammals. Myostatin can transmit a message to the nucleus that will promote a gene that lead to the production of ubiquitin. Ubiquitin is a signal of degradation so muscle cells will be destroyed. Indeed, it reduce the mass of the muscle but it also reduces the quantity of [[Myosin]] <ref>Jeffrey L. Corden,David Tollervey. Cell Biology, Chapter 36 Motor Proteins.2017 [https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-34126-4.00036-0 DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-34126-4.00036-0] </ref> which is very important for the cohesion of muscles and for movement. Indeed [[Myosin]] forms filament, and when [[Myosin]] filaments associate with [[Actin]] and consume [[ATP]] it produces muscle movement.

'''Related disease'''

If the quantity of myosin is not well regulated in the human body, it could trigger many muscle related illnesses, especially when there is too much myostatin, as heart disease, liver disease..

We can focus on the example of COPD which is a lunch disease. People suffering from this disease have difficulties to respire because of an obstruction of airflow. Their muscles are not strong enough to help them to respire the right way and it is called pulmonary cachexia. This disease is also characterized by many muscle complications into the whole body, including a global reduction of muscle mass. It has been proven that a high rate of myostatin quantity in human body can promote this disease.

Myostatin has also a role in many metabolisms as in blood glucose: indeed, the more myostatin you have, the more resistant to insulin you are. This could be link with Type 2 diabetes and so obesity because it is an inducer of Phosphotyrosine Interaction Domain containing 1 (PID1) protein in human muscle cells. Indeed, this protein is known for its role into insulin resistance development.

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@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 Myostatin <ref name="edumont">Université de Montpellier. Physiologie et médecien fondamentale du coeur et des muscles : myostatine. [https://u1046.edu.umontpellier.fr/163-2/abrege-des-proteines-musculaires/myostatine/]</ref> is a protein that has a control over muscle development: it is a negative regulator of squeletics muscles. It has a very important role during the development of the animals but also during its whole life. It is a very important protein that is very conserved from zebra fish to humans <ref name="patho">PMID:19412331</ref> and so it has to be very well regulated. Indeed, there are many ways that regulates the action of this protein and at many scales.
-It is a grown factor<ref name="patho"/> that is implicated into muscle development in mammals. Myostatin can transmit a message to the nucleus that will promote a gene that lead to the production of ubiquitin. Ubiquitin is a signal of degradation so muscle cells will be destroyed. Indeed, it reduce the mass of the muscle but it also reduces the quantity of [[Myosin]] <ref>Jeffrey L. Corden,David Tollervey. Cell Biology, Chapter 36 Motor Proteins.2017 [https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-34126-4.00036-0 DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-34126-4.00036-0] </ref> which is very important for the cohesion of muscles and for movement. Indeed myosin forms filament, and when myosin filaments associate with actin and consume ATP it produce muscle movement.
+It is a grown factor<ref name="patho"/> that is implicated into muscle development in mammals. Myostatin can transmit a message to the nucleus that will promote a gene that lead to the production of ubiquitin. Ubiquitin is a signal of degradation so muscle cells will be destroyed. Indeed, it reduce the mass of the muscle but it also reduces the quantity of [[Myosin]] <ref>Jeffrey L. Corden,David Tollervey. Cell Biology, Chapter 36 Motor Proteins.2017 [https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-34126-4.00036-0 DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-34126-4.00036-0] </ref> which is very important for the cohesion of muscles and for movement. Indeed [[Myosin]] forms filament, and when [[Myosin]] filaments associate with [[Actin]] and consume [[ATP]] it produces muscle movement.
+'''Related disease'''
+If the quantity of myosin is not well regulated in the human body, it could trigger many muscle related illnesses, especially when there is too much myostatin, as heart disease, liver disease..
+We can focus on the example of COPD which is a lunch disease. People suffering from this disease have difficulties to respire because of an obstruction of airflow. Their muscles are not strong enough to help them to respire the right way and it is called pulmonary cachexia. This disease is also characterized by many muscle complications into the whole body, including a global reduction of muscle mass. It has been proven that a high rate of myostatin quantity in human body can promote this disease.
+Myostatin has also a role in many metabolisms as in blood glucose: indeed, the more myostatin you have, the more resistant to insulin you are. This could be link with Type 2 diabetes and so obesity because it is an inducer of Phosphotyrosine Interaction Domain containing 1 (PID1) protein in human muscle cells. Indeed, this protein is known for its role into insulin resistance development.