Sandbox Reserved 1097: Difference between revisions

Human Tyrosinase related protein 1 is encoded by the TYRP1 gene, which is located on the chromosome 9p23.  The protein is expressed in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanosome melanosomes] and on the surface of melanocytes and melanoma cells <ref name="ghanem"/>. TYRP1 protein is synthesized in the nucleus of melanocytes. The protein contains a specific signal sequence, so it will be translated by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome ribosomes]and the directly be synthesized in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum endoplasmic reticulum] thanks to a signal sequence. Then it will be transported through the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_apparatus Golgi] to a specific organelles called melanosomes, where pigments are synthesized <ref name="chen"/>. During its maturation, TYRP1 is glycosylated in asparagine in positions 96; 104; 181; 304; 350 and 395. The sorting in the trans-Golgi and transport of the TYRP1 protein to melanosome is dependant of several proteins such as the [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoinositide_3-kinase Phosphoinositide_3-Kinase]<ref name="chen"/>, the [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UMX9 membrane associated transporter protein] (MATP) <ref name="ghanem"/> and the [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TF64 GAIP interacting protein] (GIPC)<ref name= "liu"/>. The final TYRP1 protein is 537 amino-acids long. TYRP1 is transported to the membrane by the biogenesis of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenesis_of_lysosome-related_organelles_complex_1 lysosome-related organelles complex 1] (BLOC-1). The amino-terminal domain will be oriented in the lumen of the melanosome, and the carboxy terminal domain in the cytoplasm of the melanocyte <ref name= "liu"/>. TYRP1 is found only in the membrane of mature stage III and IV melanosomes <ref name="ghanem"/>.