Sandbox Reserved 1099: Difference between revisions
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However, some cleavage of the precursor occurres probably in sweat to produce different active forms of dermcidin peptide. The most abundant proteolytically processed DCD peptide present in sweat is '''DCD-1L''' (amino acid sequence in bold). | However, some cleavage of the precursor occurres probably in sweat to produce different active forms of dermcidin peptide. The most abundant proteolytically processed DCD peptide present in sweat is '''DCD-1L''' (amino acid sequence in bold). | ||
DCD-1L is created by proteases in sweat after the first post-secretory processing step consisting to reduce the peptide to the C-terminal thereupon containing 48 residues, from the 63 to the 110 amino acid. And secondly, the [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P07339_ cathepsin D] with 1,10-phenthroline-sensitive carboxypeptidase still not cited in sweat composition yet and an unidentified endoprotease contribute to further processed the DCD-1L C-terminal to produce other derived-peptides.<ref name="baechle">Daniel Baechle, Thomas Flad, Alexander Cansier, Heiko Steffen, Birgit Schittek, Jonathan Tolson, Timo Herrmann, Hassan Dihazi, Alexander Beck, Gerhard A. Mueller, Margret Mueller, Stefan Stevanovic, Claus Garbe, Claudia A. Mueller, and Hubert Kalbacher. "Cathepsin D Is Present in Human Eccrine Sweat and Involved in the Postsecretory Processing of the Antimicrobial Peptide DCD-1L" J. Biol. Chem. 281, no. 9 (March 3, 2006): 5406-15. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M504670200 </ref> One of them is DCD-1. | DCD-1L is created by proteases in sweat after the first post-secretory processing step consisting to reduce the peptide to the C-terminal thereupon containing 48 residues, from the 63 to the 110 amino acid. And secondly, the [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P07339_ cathepsin D] with 1,10-phenthroline-sensitive carboxypeptidase still not cited in sweat composition yet and an unidentified endoprotease contribute to further processed the DCD-1L C-terminal to produce other derived-peptides.<ref name="baechle">Daniel Baechle, Thomas Flad, Alexander Cansier, Heiko Steffen, Birgit Schittek, Jonathan Tolson, Timo Herrmann, Hassan Dihazi, Alexander Beck, Gerhard A. Mueller, Margret Mueller, Stefan Stevanovic, Claus Garbe, Claudia A. Mueller, and Hubert Kalbacher. "Cathepsin D Is Present in Human Eccrine Sweat and Involved in the Postsecretory Processing of the Antimicrobial Peptide DCD-1L" J. Biol. Chem. 281, no. 9 (March 3, 2006): 5406-15. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M504670200 </ref> One of them is DCD-1 which lacks the last leucine. | ||
== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
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The amino acids pointing toward the exterior are <scene name='82/829352/Hydrophobic_polar/1'>hydrophobic</scene> (in grey) because they are able to interact with the acyl chain of the membrane. They play a role in the cell membrane insertion.<ref>Van Sang Nguyen, Kang Wei Tan, Karthik Ramesh, Fook Tim Chew & Yu Keung Mok. "Structural basis for the bacterial membrane insertion of dermcidin" Nature Scientific reports 7 : 13923 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13600-z </ref> | The amino acids pointing toward the exterior are <scene name='82/829352/Hydrophobic_polar/1'>hydrophobic</scene> (in grey) because they are able to interact with the acyl chain of the membrane. They play a role in the cell membrane insertion.<ref>Van Sang Nguyen, Kang Wei Tan, Karthik Ramesh, Fook Tim Chew & Yu Keung Mok. "Structural basis for the bacterial membrane insertion of dermcidin" Nature Scientific reports 7 : 13923 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13600-z </ref> | ||
The bonds between monomers allow the formation of 6 <scene name='82/829352/Eyelets/1'>lateral openings</scene> of a diameter of 1 nm (in purple). | The bonds between monomers allow the formation of 6 <scene name='82/829352/Eyelets/1'>lateral openings</scene> of a diameter of 1 nm (in purple) responsible of ions crossings. The presence of polar residues may have an impact on the selection of ion entry.<ref name="girdles"/> | ||
===The zinc cofactors=== | ===The zinc cofactors=== | ||
