The <scene name='83/837222/Selectivity_filter/3'>selectivity filter</scene> contains Glu358, Trp354, and Pro359 to allow calcium to pass through the uniporter. The carboxylate oxygen of the Glu side chains draw in the positive calcium ion. The diameter of the carboxyl ring is 5Å, allowing only a dehydrated Ca ion to bind. Trp38, which is directly next to the Glu residues, stabilizes the carbonyl side chains through hydrogen bonding and anion pi interactions. These Trp residues also form stacking interactions with Pro359, which orientate the Glu carboxyl side chains towards the middle of the pore to interact with Ca ions.
The <scene name='83/832933/Selectivity_filter/1'>selectivity filter</scene> contains Glu358, Trp354, and Pro359 to allow calcium to pass through the uniporter. The carboxylate oxygen of the Glu side chains draw in the positive calcium ion. The diameter of the carboxyl ring is 5Å, allowing only a dehydrated Ca ion to bind. Trp38, which is directly next to the Glu residues, stabilizes the carbonyl side chains through hydrogen bonding and anion pi interactions. These Trp residues also form stacking interactions with Pro359, which orientate the Glu carboxyl side chains towards the middle of the pore to interact with Ca ions.
The selectivity filter contains Glu358, Trp354, and Pro359 to allow calcium to pass through the uniporter. The carboxylate oxygen of the Glu side chains draw in the positive calcium ion. The diameter of the carboxyl ring is 5Å, allowing only a dehydrated Ca ion to bind. Trp38, which is directly next to the Glu residues, stabilizes the carbonyl side chains through hydrogen bonding and anion pi interactions. These Trp residues also form stacking interactions with Pro359, which orientate the Glu carboxyl side chains towards the middle of the pore to interact with Ca ions.
Pancreatic beta cells circulate insulin through the body. Glucose initiates signals allowing these cells to break down sugar and release insulin, which is all stimulated by mitochondrial energy metabolism. Calcium homeostasis plays a fundamental role in ATP production supplying energy to this process. Defects in homeostasis of calcium like chronic calcium depletion, caused by leaky Ryanodine receptors, causes types 1 and 2 diabetes through failure of this mechanism. Treatment involves targeting the MCU and MICU1 to open the calcium channel and allow more uptake of calcium ions into the mitochondria.
Heart Failure
Calcium overload in the mitochondria of cardiac cells lead to apoptotic cardiac cell death. This large amount of cell death
Relevance
Structural highlights
Student Contributors
This is a sample scene created with SAT to color by Group, and another to make a transparent representation of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.
↑Hanson, R. M., Prilusky, J., Renjian, Z., Nakane, T. and Sussman, J. L. (2013), JSmol and the Next-Generation Web-Based Representation of 3D Molecular Structure as Applied to Proteopedia. Isr. J. Chem., 53:207-216. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijch.201300024
↑Herraez A. Biomolecules in the computer: Jmol to the rescue. Biochem Mol Biol Educ. 2006 Jul;34(4):255-61. doi: 10.1002/bmb.2006.494034042644. PMID:21638687 doi:10.1002/bmb.2006.494034042644
↑Yoo J, Wu M, Yin Y, Herzik MA Jr, Lander GC, Lee SY. Cryo-EM structure of a mitochondrial calcium uniporter. Science. 2018 Jun 28. pii: science.aar4056. doi: 10.1126/science.aar4056. PMID:29954988 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aar4056
