Sandbox Reserved 1619: Difference between revisions
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===Overall Structure=== | ===Overall Structure=== | ||
Gamma-secretase is composed of 20 transmembrane components (TMs) and has 4 subunits: Nicastran, Anterior Pharynx-defective 1, Presenilin, and Presenilin Enhancer 2. These subunits are stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and 4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylcholine phosphatidylcholines].These phosphatidylcholines have interfaces between: PS1 and PEN-2, APH-1 and PS1, APH-1 and NCT. | Gamma-secretase is composed of 20 transmembrane components (TMs) and has 4 subunits: Nicastran (NCT), Anterior Pharynx-defective 1 (APH-1), Presenilin (PS1), and Presenilin Enhancer 2 (PEN-2). These subunits are stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and 4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylcholine phosphatidylcholines].These phosphatidylcholines have interfaces between: PS1 and PEN-2, APH-1 and PS1, APH-1 and NCT. | ||
Nicastrin | <scene name='83/832945/Nct_subunit_shown/1'>Nicastrin </scene> has a large extracellular domain and 1 TM. It is important to substrate recognition and binding. | ||
Presenilin | Presenilin serves as the active site of the protease and contains 9 TMs, each varying in length. The site of autocatalytic [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_cleavage cleavage] is located between TM6 and TM7 in PS1 and major conformational changes take place in this subunit upon substrate binding. | ||
Anterior pharynx-defective 1 | Anterior pharynx-defective 1 serves as a scaffold for anchoring and supporting the flexible conformational changes of PS1 | ||
Activation of the active site is dependent on the binding of Presenilin enhancer 2 | Activation of the active site is dependent on the binding of Presenilin enhancer 2. PEN-2 is also important in maturation of the enzyme.<ref name="Yang">PMID:28628788</ref> | ||
