Sandbox Reserved 1601

This Sandbox is Reserved from Jan 13 through September 1, 2020 for use in the course CH462 Biochemistry II taught by R. Jeremy Johnson at the Butler University, Indianapolis, USA. This reservation includes Sandbox Reserved 1598 through Sandbox Reserved 1627.

To get started: Click the edit this page tab at the top. Save the page after each step, then edit it again. show the Scene authoring tools, create a molecular scene, and save it. Copy the green link into the page. Add a description of your scene. Use the buttons above the wikitext box for bold, italics, links, headlines, etc. More help: Help:Editing

Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) (Heumann Test Page)

spinqualitylabelsall models Caption for this structure Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Overview Article One Article Two Article Three Article Four Article Five Regulation/Inhibition The most well-known and commonly used inhibitor of calcium uptake into the mitochondria is ruthenium red (RuRed). RuRed effectively inhibits calcium uptake without affecting mitochondrial respiration or calcium efflux. Additionally, it has been shown to mitigate tissue damage due to IRI and slow cancer cell migration. The issue with RuRed is that its purification has always been a challenging matter. Interestingly enough, this led to even more developments in the search for an inhibitor. Many scientists had observed that impure RuRed actually had greater inhibition than pure RuRed. One of the common minor impurities of RuRed, Ru360, was found to be the active component of the RuRed mixtures, meaning it responsible for calcium inhibition. Ru360 is now commercially available and has been widely used for the study of calcium-dependent cellular processes and as a therapeutic agent. Very little is known about its mechanism of inhibtion, but studies show that it interacts with the DXXE motif of the loop connecting the TM1 and TM2 helices. Ru360 was a very successful inhibitor, but it showed low cell permeability. So, a new inhibitor called Ru265 was developed which could be easily synthesized and didn't need chromatographic purification. Ru265 had all of the benefits of Ru360, with with twice the cell permeability. Additionally, the same mutations didn't seem to affect it. Mutations of D261 and S259 in human MCU reduced inhibitory effect of Ru360, but not Ru265. Additionally, there were other mutations that affected Ru265, but not Ru360. This shows how much more research is needed before a mechanism is understood for any inhibitor of the MCU. This is a sample scene created with SAT to color by Group, and another to make a transparent representation of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.