Sandbox Reserved 1653: Difference between revisions
From Proteopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
==='''Vascularisation: detection of shearing forces'''=== | ==='''Vascularisation: detection of shearing forces'''=== | ||
Piezo1 plays a critical role in the formation of blood vessels. Indeed, fluid flow induces a frictional force, and this shear stress activates the piezo1 channels located in endothelial cells’ membranes. It results in an alignment process, leading to | Piezo1 plays a critical role in the formation of blood vessels. Indeed, fluid flow induces a frictional force, and this shear stress activates the piezo1 channels located in endothelial cells’ membranes. It results in an alignment process, leading to healthy vascular development. The entry of Ca2+ is the key to the process. The shear stress-enhanced Ca2+ entry through piezo1 channels is coupled with [[calpain]] activation. From this association steams proteolytic cleavage of cytoskeletal [[actin]] and focal [[adhesion proteins]], which induces endothelial cell organisation and alignment. | ||
key to process. The shear stress-enhanced Ca2+ entry through piezo1 channels is coupled with calpain activation. From this association steams proteolytic cleavage of actin | A deficit in Piezo1’s expression can lead to a cobblestone-like appearance of endothelial cells’ organisation, instead of its standard linear appearance. | ||
A deficit in Piezo1’s expression can lead to cobblestone-like appearance of endothelial cells’ organisation, instead of its standard linear appearance. | |||
The subcellular localisation of piezo1 is also determining. In static conditions, its repartition is even on the membrane, but when a mechanical stimulus arises, piezo1 accumulates at the cell’s apical. This process characterises endothelial cells’ alignment toward frictional force. | The subcellular localisation of piezo1 is also determining. In static conditions, its repartition is even on the membrane, but when a mechanical stimulus arises, piezo1 accumulates at the cell’s apical. This process characterises endothelial cells’ alignment toward frictional force. | ||
However, piezo1 is also able to drive endothelial cell migration without shear stress, through endothelial nitric oxide synthase, a protein with major | However, piezo1 is also able to drive endothelial cell migration without shear stress, through endothelial [[nitric oxide synthase]], a protein with major roles in vascular biology. <ref name= "vascularisation"> DOI 10.1038/nature13701</ref> | ||
roles in vascular biology. <ref name= "vascularisation"> DOI 10.1038/nature13701</ref> | |||
