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The Lon protein has three main distinct domains: the first, the '''N-terminal''' domain, is specialised in '''substrate binding''' and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligomer '''oligomerization''']. The second, called the '''AAA+ domain''' (or A domain) corresponds to the fixation and hydrolysis site of the [https://biologydictionary.net/atp/ATP ATP]. Finally, the third domain located at the '''C-terminal''' is an active serine site leading to '''substrate degradation'''. This is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteolysis '''proteolytic'''] domain, called domain P. | The Lon protein has three main distinct domains: the first, the '''N-terminal''' domain, is specialised in '''substrate binding''' and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligomer '''oligomerization''']. The second, called the '''AAA+ domain''' (or A domain) corresponds to the fixation and hydrolysis site of the [https://biologydictionary.net/atp/ATP ATP]. Finally, the third domain located at the '''C-terminal''' is an active serine site leading to '''substrate degradation'''. This is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteolysis '''proteolytic'''] domain, called domain P. | ||
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Mammalian Lon protein only interacts with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) but not dsDNA. There are therefore special sequences for interaction with G-rich DNA as well as RNA. In addition, the binding of a substrate to the protein stimulates the interaction with the DNA. | Mammalian Lon protein only interacts with '''single-stranded DNA''' (ssDNA) but not dsDNA. There are therefore special sequences for interaction with '''G-rich DNA''' as well as RNA. In addition, the binding of a substrate to the protein stimulates the interaction with the DNA. | ||
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA mtDNA] binds to the Lon protein with different affinities depending on the state of the cell and the type of cell meeting the following four parameters: | [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA mtDNA] binds to the Lon protein with different affinities depending on the state of the cell and the type of cell meeting the following four parameters: | ||
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