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<StructureSection load='1kwk' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1kwk]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1kwk' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1kwk]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1kwk]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"flavobacterium_thermophilum"_yoshida_and_oshima_1971 "flavobacterium thermophilum" yoshida and oshima 1971]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1KWK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1KWK FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1kwk]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermus_thermophilus Thermus thermophilus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1KWK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1KWK FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GAL:BETA-D-GALACTOSE'>GAL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MPD:(4S)-2-METHYL-2,4-PENTANEDIOL'>MPD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1kwg|1kwg]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GAL:BETA-D-GALACTOSE'>GAL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MPD:(4S)-2-METHYL-2,4-PENTANEDIOL'>MPD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-galactosidase Beta-galactosidase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.23 3.2.1.23] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1kwk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1kwk OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1kwk PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1kwk RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1kwk PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1kwk ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1kwk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1kwk OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1kwk PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1kwk RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1kwk PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1kwk ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BGAL_THETH BGAL_THETH]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1kwk ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1kwk ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The beta-galactosidase from an extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus A4 (A4-beta-Gal), is thermostable and belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 42 (GH-42). As the first known structures of a GH-42 enzyme, we determined the crystal structures of free and galactose-bound A4-beta-Gal at 1.6A and 2.2A resolution, respectively. A4-beta-Gal forms a homotrimeric structure resembling a flowerpot. Each monomer has an active site located inside a large central tunnel. The N-terminal domain of A4-beta-Gal has a TIM barrel fold, as predicted from hydrophobic cluster analysis. The putative catalytic residues of A4-beta-Gal (Glu141 and Glu312) superimpose well with the catalytic residues of Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase. The environment around the catalytic nucleophile (Glu312) is similar to that in the case of E.coli beta-galactosidase, but the recognition mechanism for a substrate is different. Trp182 of the next subunit of the trimer constitutes a part of the active-site pocket, indicating that the trimeric structure is essential for the enzyme activity. Structural comparison with other glycoside hydrolases revealed that many features of the 4/7 superfamily are conserved in the A4-beta-Gal structure. On the basis of the results of 1H NMR spectroscopy, A4-beta-Gal was determined to be a "retaining" enzyme. Interestingly, the active site was similar with those of retaining enzymes, but the overall fold of the TIM barrel domain was very similar to that of an inverting enzyme, beta-amylase.
Trimeric crystal structure of the glycoside hydrolase family 42 beta-galactosidase from Thermus thermophilus A4 and the structure of its complex with galactose.,Hidaka M, Fushinobu S, Ohtsu N, Motoshima H, Matsuzawa H, Shoun H, Wakagi T J Mol Biol. 2002 Sep 6;322(1):79-91. PMID:12215416<ref>PMID:12215416</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1kwk" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Galactosidase 3D structures|Galactosidase 3D structures]]
*[[Galactosidase 3D structures|Galactosidase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Flavobacterium thermophilum yoshida and oshima 1971]]
[[Category: Beta-galactosidase]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Fushinobu, S]]
[[Category: Thermus thermophilus]]
[[Category: Hidaka, M]]
[[Category: Fushinobu S]]
[[Category: Matsuzawa, H]]
[[Category: Hidaka M]]
[[Category: Motoshima, H]]
[[Category: Matsuzawa H]]
[[Category: Ohtsu, N]]
[[Category: Motoshima H]]
[[Category: Shoun, H]]
[[Category: Ohtsu N]]
[[Category: Wakagi, T]]
[[Category: Shoun H]]
[[Category: Galactose complex]]
[[Category: Wakagi T]]
[[Category: Glycoside hydrolase family 42]]
[[Category: Hydrolase]]
[[Category: Tim barrel]]
[[Category: Trimer]]
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