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<StructureSection load='3bg9' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3bg9]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='3bg9' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3bg9]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3bg9]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3BG9 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3BG9 FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3bg9]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3BG9 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3BG9 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MN:MANGANESE+(II)+ION'>MN</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1rqh|1rqh]], [[3bg3|3bg3]], [[3bg5|3bg5]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MN:MANGANESE+(II)+ION'>MN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">PC ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvate_carboxylase Pyruvate carboxylase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=6.4.1.1 6.4.1.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3bg9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3bg9 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3bg9 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3bg9 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3bg9 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3bg9 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3bg9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3bg9 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3bg9 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3bg9 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3bg9 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3bg9 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYC_HUMAN PYC_HUMAN]] Defects in PC are the cause of pyruvate carboxylase deficiency (PC deficiency) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/266150 266150]]. PC deficiency leads to lactic acidosis, mental retardation and death. It occurs in three forms: mild or type A, severe neonatal or type B, and a very mild lacticacidemia.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYC_HUMAN PYC_HUMAN] Defects in PC are the cause of pyruvate carboxylase deficiency (PC deficiency) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/266150 266150]. PC deficiency leads to lactic acidosis, mental retardation and death. It occurs in three forms: mild or type A, severe neonatal or type B, and a very mild lacticacidemia.
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYC_HUMAN PYC_HUMAN]] Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes a 2-step reaction, involving the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the covalently attached biotin in the first step and the transfer of the carboxyl group to pyruvate in the second. Catalyzes in a tissue specific manner, the initial reactions of glucose (liver, kidney) and lipid (adipose tissue, liver, brain) synthesis from pyruvate.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYC_HUMAN PYC_HUMAN] Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes a 2-step reaction, involving the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the covalently attached biotin in the first step and the transfer of the carboxyl group to pyruvate in the second. Catalyzes in a tissue specific manner, the initial reactions of glucose (liver, kidney) and lipid (adipose tissue, liver, brain) synthesis from pyruvate.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3bg9 ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3bg9 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) catalyzes the biotin-dependent production of oxaloacetate and has important roles in gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, insulin secretion and other cellular processes. PC contains the biotin carboxylase (BC), carboxyltransferase (CT) and biotin-carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domains. We report here the crystal structures at 2.8-A resolution of full-length PC from Staphylococcus aureus and the C-terminal region (missing only the BC domain) of human PC. A conserved tetrameric association is observed for both enzymes, and our structural and mutagenesis studies reveal a previously uncharacterized domain, the PC tetramerization (PT) domain, which is important for oligomerization. A BCCP domain is located in the active site of the CT domain, providing the first molecular insights into how biotin participates in the carboxyltransfer reaction. There are dramatic differences in domain positions in the monomer and the organization of the tetramer between these enzymes and the PC from Rhizobium etli.


Crystal structures of human and Staphylococcus aureus pyruvate carboxylase and molecular insights into the carboxyltransfer reaction.,Xiang S, Tong L Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2008 Mar;15(3):295-302. Epub 2008 Feb 24. PMID:18297087<ref>PMID:18297087</ref>
==See Also==
 
*[[Pyruvate carboxylase 3D structures|Pyruvate carboxylase 3D structures]]
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 3bg9" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Pyruvate carboxylase]]
[[Category: Tong L]]
[[Category: Tong, L]]
[[Category: Xiang S]]
[[Category: Xiang, S]]
[[Category: Atp-binding]]
[[Category: Biotin]]
[[Category: Disease mutation]]
[[Category: Gluconeogenesis]]
[[Category: Ligase]]
[[Category: Lipid synthesis]]
[[Category: Manganese]]
[[Category: Mitochondrion]]
[[Category: Multifunctional enzyme]]
[[Category: Nucleotide-binding]]
[[Category: Phosphoprotein]]
[[Category: Tim barrel]]
[[Category: Transit peptide]]

Latest revision as of 09:28, 21 February 2024

Crystal Structure of Human Pyruvate Carboxylase (missing the biotin carboxylase domain at the N-terminus) F1077A Mutant

3bg9, resolution 3.00Å

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