Sandbox Reserved 1705: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
<Structure load='7n00' size='350' frame='true' align='right' caption='Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase' scene='Dimer_ligand_complex' /> | |||
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is important in regulating functions within the central nervous system <ref name="Reshetnyak">PMID:34819673</ref>. The route to the discovery of the structure of this protein was rather complex, spanning almost 20 years with the kinase domain being discovered in 1994, the full protein structure in 1997, and the ligand structures discovered in 2014. These structures were found using [https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/explainer-what-is-cryo-electron-microscopy/3008091.article cryo-electron microscopy],[https://www.britannica.com/science/nuclear-magnetic-resonance nuclear magnetic resonance], and [https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/chemistry/x-ray-crystallography-revealing-our-molecular-world#:~:text=X%2Dray%20crystallography%20is%20a,called%20an%20x%2Dray%20camera. X-ray crystallography]. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase is a proto-oncogene with mutations associated with various types of cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and inflammatory myofibroblastic cancer <ref name="Palmer">PMID:19459784</ref>. | Anaplastic lymphoma kinase is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is important in regulating functions within the central nervous system <ref name="Reshetnyak">PMID:34819673</ref>. The route to the discovery of the structure of this protein was rather complex, spanning almost 20 years with the kinase domain being discovered in 1994, the full protein structure in 1997, and the ligand structures discovered in 2014. These structures were found using [https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/explainer-what-is-cryo-electron-microscopy/3008091.article cryo-electron microscopy],[https://www.britannica.com/science/nuclear-magnetic-resonance nuclear magnetic resonance], and [https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/chemistry/x-ray-crystallography-revealing-our-molecular-world#:~:text=X%2Dray%20crystallography%20is%20a,called%20an%20x%2Dray%20camera. X-ray crystallography]. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase is a proto-oncogene with mutations associated with various types of cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and inflammatory myofibroblastic cancer <ref name="Palmer">PMID:19459784</ref>. | ||
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Anaplastic lymphoma kinase's involvement as a proto-oncogene in various types of cancers has made it a target for drug therapies for these types of cancers <ref name="Lewis">PMID:22734674</ref>. One therapeutic medication that has been increasingly used with high levels of success is Crizotinib. This medication was approved by the FDA in January of 2021 for the treatment of pediatric/young adult ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The treatment has an overall response rate of 90%. Crizotinib works by binding to the ATP binding site of the kinase domain <ref name="Sahu">PMID:24455567</ref>. Crizotinib binds preferentially to ATP in this region and therefore can effectively block the binding of ATP <ref name="Sahu" />. With the binding of ATP being blocked, the intercellular signaling cascade cannot begin which works to prevent the cancer from growing and spreading . | Anaplastic lymphoma kinase's involvement as a proto-oncogene in various types of cancers has made it a target for drug therapies for these types of cancers <ref name="Lewis">PMID:22734674</ref>. One therapeutic medication that has been increasingly used with high levels of success is Crizotinib. This medication was approved by the FDA in January of 2021 for the treatment of pediatric/young adult ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The treatment has an overall response rate of 90%. Crizotinib works by binding to the ATP binding site of the kinase domain <ref name="Sahu">PMID:24455567</ref>. Crizotinib binds preferentially to ATP in this region and therefore can effectively block the binding of ATP <ref name="Sahu" />. With the binding of ATP being blocked, the intercellular signaling cascade cannot begin which works to prevent the cancer from growing and spreading . | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
