Sandbox Reserved 1777: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Screen Shot 2023-04-10 at 4.57.18 PM.jpeg|650px|thumb|<font size="2"><div style="text-align: center;">'''Figure 1'''. Schematic representation of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway after assembly of SHOC2-PP1C-MRAS complex. </div></font>]]

After activation via an extracellular growth factor, the RAS-GTPase enzyme binds GTP, which recruits RAF to the cell membrane.

After activation via an extracellular growth factor, the RAS-GTPase enzyme binds GTP, which recruits RAF to the cell membrane. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6311149/#:~:text=Full%20activation%20of%20Raf%20requires,plasma%20membrane%20(Roy%20et%20al RAF ]<Ref name='Molina'>Molina JR, Adjei AA. The Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. J Thorac Oncol. 2006 Jan;1(1):7-9. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S1556-0864(15)31506-9. DOI:10.1016/S1556-0864(15)31506-9]. </Ref> is a kinase that stimulates a signaling cascade by phosphorylation of MAPK (also known as MEK in mammals), which activates downstream proteins such as ERK 1 and ERK2, which subsequently activate nuclear transcription factors and kinases (give examples?). The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is a critical signaling cascade for activating transcription factors and regulating gene expression<Ref name='Li'>Li, L., Zhao, G. D., Shi, Z. et. al.The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway (Figure 1) and its role in the occurrence and development of HCC. Oncology letters, 12(5), 3045–3050. [https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5110. DOI:10.3892/ol.2016.5110]. </Ref>.

[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6311149/#:~:text=Full%20activation%20of%20Raf%20requires,plasma%20membrane%20(Roy%20et%20al RAF ]<Ref name='Molina'>Molina JR, Adjei AA. The Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. J Thorac Oncol. 2006 Jan;1(1):7-9. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S1556-0864(15)31506-9. DOI:10.1016/S1556-0864(15)31506-9]. </Ref> is a kinase that stimulates a signaling cascade by phosphorylation of MAPK (also known as MEK in mammals), which activates downstream proteins such as ERK 1 and ERK2, which subsequently activate nuclear transcription factors and kinases (give examples?). The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is a critical signaling cascade for activating transcription factors and regulating gene expression<Ref name='Li'>Li, L., Zhao, G. D., Shi, Z. et. al.The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway (Figure 1) and its role in the occurrence and development of HCC. Oncology letters, 12(5), 3045–3050. [https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5110. DOI:10.3892/ol.2016.5110]. </Ref>.

Sandbox Reserved 1777: Difference between revisions

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@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 [[Image:Screen Shot 2023-04-10 at 4.57.18 PM.jpeg|650px|thumb|<font size="2"><div style="text-align: center;">'''Figure 1'''. Schematic representation of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway after assembly of SHOC2-PP1C-MRAS complex. </div></font>]]
-After activation via an extracellular growth factor, the RAS-GTPase enzyme binds GTP, which recruits RAF to the cell membrane.
+After activation via an extracellular growth factor, the RAS-GTPase enzyme binds GTP, which recruits RAF to the cell membrane. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6311149/#:~:text=Full%20activation%20of%20Raf%20requires,plasma%20membrane%20(Roy%20et%20al RAF ]<Ref name='Molina'>Molina JR, Adjei AA. The Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. J Thorac Oncol. 2006 Jan;1(1):7-9. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S1556-0864(15)31506-9. DOI:10.1016/S1556-0864(15)31506-9]. </Ref> is a kinase that stimulates a signaling cascade by phosphorylation of MAPK (also known as MEK in mammals), which activates downstream proteins such as ERK 1 and ERK2, which subsequently activate nuclear transcription factors and kinases (give examples?). The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is a critical signaling cascade for activating transcription factors and regulating gene expression<Ref name='Li'>Li, L., Zhao, G. D., Shi, Z. et. al.The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway (Figure 1) and its role in the occurrence and development of HCC. Oncology letters, 12(5), 3045–3050. [https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5110. DOI:10.3892/ol.2016.5110]. </Ref>.
- [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6311149/#:~:text=Full%20activation%20of%20Raf%20requires,plasma%20membrane%20(Roy%20et%20al RAF ]<Ref name='Molina'>Molina JR, Adjei AA. The Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. J Thorac Oncol. 2006 Jan;1(1):7-9. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S1556-0864(15)31506-9. DOI:10.1016/S1556-0864(15)31506-9]. </Ref> is a kinase that stimulates a signaling cascade by phosphorylation of MAPK (also known as MEK in mammals), which activates downstream proteins such as ERK 1 and ERK2, which subsequently activate nuclear transcription factors and kinases (give examples?). The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is a critical signaling cascade for activating transcription factors and regulating gene expression<Ref name='Li'>Li, L., Zhao, G. D., Shi, Z. et. al.The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway (Figure 1) and its role in the occurrence and development of HCC. Oncology letters, 12(5), 3045–3050. [https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5110. DOI:10.3892/ol.2016.5110]. </Ref>.