1nou

Native human lysosomal beta-hexosaminidase isoform B

spinqualitylabelsall models 1nou, resolution 2.40Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 1nou is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Method: X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.4Å Ligands: GOL, NAG, SO4 Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease HEXB_HUMAN Defects in HEXB are the cause of GM2-gangliosidosis type 2 (GM2G2) [MIM:268800; also known as Sandhoff disease. GM2-gangliosidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease marked by the accumulation of GM2 gangliosides in the neuronal cells. GM2G2 is clinically indistinguishable from GM2-gangliosidosis type 1, presenting startle reactions, early blindness, progressive motor and mental deterioration, macrocephaly and cherry-red spots on the macula. Function HEXB_HUMAN Responsible for the degradation of GM2 gangliosides, and a variety of other molecules containing terminal N-acetyl hexosamines, in the brain and other tissues. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMed In humans, two major beta-hexosaminidase isoenzymes exist: Hex A and Hex B. Hex A is a heterodimer of subunits alpha and beta (60% identity), whereas Hex B is a homodimer of beta-subunits. Interest in human beta-hexosaminidase stems from its association with Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease; these are prototypical lysosomal storage disorders resulting from the abnormal accumulation of G(M2)-ganglioside (G(M2)). Hex A degrades G(M2) by removing a terminal N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (beta-GalNAc) residue, and this activity requires the G(M2)-activator, a protein which solubilizes the ganglioside for presentation to Hex A. We present here the crystal structure of human Hex B, alone (2.4A) and in complex with the mechanistic inhibitors GalNAc-isofagomine (2.2A) or NAG-thiazoline (2.5A). From these, and the known X-ray structure of the G(M2)-activator, we have modeled Hex A in complex with the activator and ganglioside. Together, our crystallographic and modeling data demonstrate how alpha and beta-subunits dimerize to form either Hex A or Hex B, how these isoenzymes hydrolyze diverse substrates, and how many documented point mutations cause Sandhoff disease (beta-subunit mutations) and Tay-Sachs disease (alpha-subunit mutations). Crystal structure of human beta-hexosaminidase B: understanding the molecular basis of Sandhoff and Tay-Sachs disease.,Mark BL, Mahuran DJ, Cherney MM, Zhao D, Knapp S, James MN J Mol Biol. 2003 Apr 11;327(5):1093-109. PMID:12662933 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See Also Beta-Hexosaminidase Beta-Hexosaminidase 3D structures Beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase 3D structures

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