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Research shows that 4Q7Q is a member of the SGNH Hydrolase protein super family. BLAST and InterPro research suggested 4Q7Q best fits this superfamily, and the known conserved residues seen from SPRITE analysis—Serine, Glycine, Asparagine, and Histidine—line up with those observed throughout this family.<ref name="SGNH" /><ref name = "Molgaard">Molgaard, A.; Kauppinen, S.; Larsen, S. Rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase elucidates the structure and function of a new family of hydrolases. Struct., 2000, 8(4), 373-383. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969212600001180?via%3Dihub</ref>.  Notably, this superfamily is also referred to as the GDSL Hydrolase superfamily.D,E<ref name="SGNH" /><ref name="Molgaard" />.
Research shows that 4Q7Q is a member of the SGNH Hydrolase protein super family. BLAST and InterPro research suggested 4Q7Q best fits this superfamily, and the known conserved residues seen from SPRITE analysis—Serine, Glycine, Asparagine, and Histidine—line up with those observed throughout this family.<ref name="SGNH" /><ref name = "Molgaard">Molgaard, A.; Kauppinen, S.; Larsen, S. Rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase elucidates the structure and function of a new family of hydrolases. Struct., 2000, 8(4), 373-383. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969212600001180?via%3Dihub</ref>.  Notably, this superfamily is also referred to as the GDSL Hydrolase superfamily.D,E<ref name="SGNH" /><ref name="Molgaard" />.


[[Image:4Q7QAChain Cartoon Model|300px|right|thumb|Chimera-generated representation of the A chain of 4Q7Q.<ref name="Chimera">UCSF Chimera--a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis. Pettersen EF, Goddard TD, Huang CC, Couch GS, Greenblatt DM, Meng EC, Ferrin TE. J Comput Chem. 2004 Oct;25(13):1605-12.</ref>]]
[[Image:4Q7QAChain Cartoon Model.png|300px|right|thumb|Chimera-generated representation of the A chain of 4Q7Q.<ref name="Chimera">UCSF Chimera--a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis. Pettersen EF, Goddard TD, Huang CC, Couch GS, Greenblatt DM, Meng EC, Ferrin TE. J Comput Chem. 2004 Oct;25(13):1605-12.</ref>]]


Regarding what protein family 4Q7Q belongs to, DALI results suggest it is a part of a sub-family of the greater GDSL/SGNH superfamily. A PDB90% DALI search labels 4Q7Q as a part of the “Lipolytic Protein G-D-S-L Family,” which refers to enzymes that hydrolyze lipid substrates.<ref name="Akoh">Akoh, C. C.; Lee, G.; Liaw, Y.; Huang, T.; Shaw, J. GDSL family of serine esterases/lipases. Prog. Lipid Res., 2004, 43(6), 534-552. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15522763/</ref>.  
Regarding what protein family 4Q7Q belongs to, DALI results suggest it is a part of a sub-family of the greater GDSL/SGNH superfamily. A PDB90% DALI search labels 4Q7Q as a part of the “Lipolytic Protein G-D-S-L Family,” which refers to enzymes that hydrolyze lipid substrates.<ref name="Akoh">Akoh, C. C.; Lee, G.; Liaw, Y.; Huang, T.; Shaw, J. GDSL family of serine esterases/lipases. Prog. Lipid Res., 2004, 43(6), 534-552. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15522763/</ref>.  
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== Structure/Sequence Analysis ==
== Structure/Sequence Analysis ==


== Sequence Analysis ==  
=== Sequence Analysis ===


The primary sequence of 4Q7Q shows several conserved sequences between it and esterase-like proteins. A sequence of GDSI—similar to the GDSL sequence seen from its family and superfamily—can be seen between 4Q7Q and enzymes like Isoamyl Acetate-Hydrolyzing Esterase when using DALI.<ref name="DALI">Holm L, Laiho A, Toronen P, Salgado M (2023) DALI shines a light on remote homologs: one hundred discoveries. Protein Science 23, e4519</ref>. Other noteworthy conserved sequences between esterases and 4Q7Q include GxND and DGxH.<ref name="DALI" />.
The primary sequence of 4Q7Q shows several conserved sequences between it and esterase-like proteins. A sequence of GDSI—similar to the GDSL sequence seen from its family and superfamily—can be seen between 4Q7Q and enzymes like Isoamyl Acetate-Hydrolyzing Esterase when using DALI.<ref name="DALI">Holm L, Laiho A, Toronen P, Salgado M (2023) DALI shines a light on remote homologs: one hundred discoveries. Protein Science 23, e4519</ref>. Other noteworthy conserved sequences between esterases and 4Q7Q include GxND and DGxH.<ref name="DALI" />.
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Similar conserved sequences could be found between 4Q7Q and lipases. The GDSI, GxND, and DGxH sequences can be seen from lipases like 7BXD.<ref name="DALI" /.><ref name="7BXD">7BXD. Protein Database, 2021. https://www.rcsb.org/structure/7BXD</ref> The same secondary structure segments can also be located in the lipases analyzed.
Similar conserved sequences could be found between 4Q7Q and lipases. The GDSI, GxND, and DGxH sequences can be seen from lipases like 7BXD.<ref name="DALI" /.><ref name="7BXD">7BXD. Protein Database, 2021. https://www.rcsb.org/structure/7BXD</ref> The same secondary structure segments can also be located in the lipases analyzed.


== Structural Analysis ==  
=== Structural Analysis ===  


Right-hand SPRITE analysis revealed 4Q7Q exhibited residues like those seen from enzymes operating with acetyl-like substrates. Specifically, residues Ser. 30, Gly. 69, Asn. 97, Asp. 251, and His. 254 on the A and B chains of 4Q7Q line up with similarly positioned residues on esterases like Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhyd (PAFA), which exhibited an RMSD of 0.25 angstroms when compared to 4Q7Q.
Right-hand SPRITE analysis revealed 4Q7Q exhibited residues like those seen from enzymes operating with acetyl-like substrates. Specifically, residues Ser. 30, Gly. 69, Asn. 97, Asp. 251, and His. 254 on the A and B chains of 4Q7Q line up with similarly positioned residues on esterases like Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhyd (PAFA), which exhibited an RMSD of 0.25 angstroms when compared to 4Q7Q.
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